| 低温冻害对山西省五寨县甜糯玉米全生育期的影响及防御措施 |
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| 引用本文： | 马子平,郝纹进,郑秀文,王力,溪玉香,侯俊玲.低温冻害对山西省五寨县甜糯玉米全生育期的影响及防御措施[J].农业工程,2022,12(6):139-143. |
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| 作者姓名： | 马子平 郝纹进 郑秀文 王力 溪玉香 侯俊玲 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.忻州市气象局，山西 忻州 034000 |
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| 摘 要： | 冻害是影响山西省五寨县甜糯玉米生长发育的主要气象灾害之一，防御冻害最为经济有效的措施是了解五寨县低温冻害特征，选择最佳播种和采收时间，规避冻害风险。利用五寨县65 年气温、10 cm地温、霜日等气象资料和近10 年的冻害资料，采用数理统计、概率统计、Excel分析等方法，分析研究了低温冻害对五寨县甜糯玉米全生育期的影响。研究表明，五寨县甜糯玉米生育期内，春季冻害危害风险较高，秋季冻害危害风险较低。甜糯玉米苗期至3叶期，冻害危害风险最高时段为4月25日—5月15日。甜糯玉米采收期，冻害危害风险最高时段为9月下旬。针对研究结果，提出相应的防御对策，旨在为科学合理种植甜糯玉米提供技术支撑。
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| 关 键 词： | 甜糯玉米 低温 冻害 防御措施 五寨县 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-03-03 |
| 修稿时间： | 2022-05-11 |
Effect of Low Temperature and Freezing Injury on Whole Growth Period of Sweet Waxy Corn in Wuzhai County of Shanxi Province and Defensive Measures |
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| Institution: | 1.Xinzhou Meteorological Bureau，Xinzhou Shanxi 034000，China2.Xinzhou Science and Technology Information and Strategy Research Center，Xinzhou Shanxi 034000，China3.Shanxi Meteorological Information Center，Shanxi Taiyuan 030000，China |
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| Abstract: | Freezing injury is one of main meteorological disasters affecting growth and development of Wuzhai sweet waxy corn．The most economical and effective measure to prevent freezing injury is to understand characteristics of Wuzhai low-temperature freezing injury, select the best sowing and harvesting time, and avoid risk of freezing injury．Based on meteorological data of 65 years temperature, 10 cm ground temperature and frost day in Wuzhai county and data of freezing injury in recent 10 years, effects of low temperature freezing injury on whole growth period of sweet waxy corn in Wuzhai county were analyzed and studied by using methods of mathematical statistics, probability statistics and excel analysis．Results showed that during growth period of sweet waxy corn in Wuzhai County, risk of freezing injury was higher in spring and lower in autumn．From seedling stage to three leaf stage of sweet waxy maize, period with the highest risk of freezing injury was from April 25 to May 15．In harvest period of sweet waxy corn, risk of freezing injury was the highest in late September．According to research results, corresponding defense countermeasures were put forward in order to provide technical support for scientific and rational planting of sweet and waxy corn． |
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