| 秸秆还田种类对稻田N2O排放及硝化反硝化微生物的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 谢婉玉,王永明,纪红梅,黄茜,徐永记,纪洋,冯彦房.秸秆还田种类对稻田N2O排放及硝化反硝化微生物的影响[J].土壤,2022,54(4):769-778. |
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| 作者姓名： | 谢婉玉 王永明 纪红梅 黄茜 徐永记 纪洋 冯彦房 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学(42077043); 江苏省基础研究计划(自然科学基金)项目(BK20191400); 江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(20)3178) |
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| 摘 要： | 以太湖流域典型单季稻田的原状土柱为研究对象，通过设置温室土柱试验，同步监测三种秸秆施用（水稻秸秆RS、小麦秸秆WS、玉米秸秆MS）下水稻各生长期N2O排放、水稻产量和土壤理化因子；同时定量化分析多个N2O排放相关菌群功能基因的丰度，阐明N2O排放对不同种类秸秆施用引发的微生物响应机制，以期筛选出控制单季稻田N2O减排增效最佳的秸秆种类。结果表明，与对照相比，RS、WS和MS处理下水稻生长期N2O排放量分别增加162.32%、107.11%和9.48%，其中RS处理显著高于MS处理。水稻生育期内，土壤氨氧化菌（AOA、AOB）和反硝化菌群落（nirS、nosZ）丰度均呈现先上升后下降的季节变化趋势。与对照相比，拔节期RS处理显著增加AOA、AOB、nirS和nosZ拷贝数，MS和WS处理对上述功能基因丰度均无显著影响。各生育期土壤NH4+-N含量整体高于NO3--N含量，二者均在水稻分蘖期达到峰值，而后随水稻生长不断降低，同一时期不同秸秆处理之间二者无显著性差异。相关性分析和结构方程模型（SEM）结果表明，土壤AOB丰度和土壤NH4+-N含量是直接影响稻田土壤N2O排放的主要因素。综合考虑不同类型秸秆还田后土壤理化因子、水稻产量和微生物丰度数据，玉米秸秆是减缓太湖流域单季稻田N2O排放且提高产量的最优秸秆还田种类。
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| 关 键 词： | 秸秆种类 N2O排放 土壤微生物 结构方程模型 稻田 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/11/19 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021/12/14 0:00:00 |
Effects of Returned Straw Type on N2O Emission, Nitrification and Denitrification Microorganisms from Paddy Field |
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| XIE Wanyu,WANG Yongming,JI Hongmei,HUANG Xi,XU Yongji,JI Yang,FENG Yanfang.Effects of Returned Straw Type on N2O Emission, Nitrification and Denitrification Microorganisms from Paddy Field[J].Soils,2022,54(4):769-778. |
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| Authors: | XIE Wanyu WANG Yongming JI Hongmei HUANG Xi XU Yongji JI Yang FENG Yanfang |
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| Institution: | Collage of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Technology,Collage of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Technology,Collage of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Technology,Collage of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Technology,Collage of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Technology,Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences |
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| Abstract: | Using the original columnar soil of a typical single-cropping paddy field in the Taihu Lake Basin as the research object, the N2O emission, rice yield and soil physical and chemical factors were monitored under three types of straw application (rice straw-RS, wheat straw-WS and maize straw-MS), and the abundances of multiple functional genes related to N2O emission were quantified to clarify the soil microbial mechanism of N2O emission under different types of straw application. The results showed that RS, WS and MS treatments increased N2O emissions by 162.32%, 107.11% and 9.48%, respectively, in which RS was significantly higher than those from MS treatment. The abundance of ammonia oxidizing bacteria and ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA, AOB) and denitrifiers communities (nirS, nosZ) all showed a similarly seasonal change, increasing and then decreasing with rice growth. Compared with CK treatment, RS treatment significantly increased the abundances of AOA, AOB, nirS and nosZ by 6.14 times, 8.26 times, 4.82 times and 16.96 times in the elongation stage, respectively, while no significant response was found in either MS or WS treatment. Soil NH4+-N content was generally higher than NO3--N during rice growth, with a increasing pattern until the tillering stage, and then decrease with rice growth, while no significant difference was found among different straw treatments. The results of correlation analysis and the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) showed that AOB abundance and soil NH4+-N content are the main factors affecting N2O emission in paddy field. Considering the comprehensive results of soil physical and chemical factors, rice yield and soil microbial abundance, maize straw is the most appropriate application type for N2O emission mitigation and yield enhancement of single-cropping paddy field in the Taihu Lake Basin. |
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| Keywords: | Straw Type N2O Emission Soil Microorganisms Structural Equation Modeling Paddy Field |
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