| 中国土地整治战略重塑与创新 |
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| 引用本文： | 郧宛琪,朱道林,汤怀志.中国土地整治战略重塑与创新[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(4):1-8. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郧宛琪 朱道林 汤怀志 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京,100083;2. 中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京 100083; 国土资源部农用地质量与监控重点实验室,北京 100035;3. 国土资源部土地整治中心,北京,100035 |
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| 基金项目： | 国土部公益性行业科研专项（201511010） |
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| 摘 要： | 中国土地整治自1997年发展至今,内容不断丰富、功能不断拓展,对于实行中国最严格的耕地保护和节约集约用地制度的作用越来越显著。该文回顾了近20 a来土地整治的理论研究和实践探索,认为中国土地整治经过3个阶段的发展,正在经历1次新的调整,迈向以生态理念为导向的第4阶段。当前,中国土地整治存在的主要问题是:国土综合整治实践程度较低,资源环境压力没有得到有效缓解,建设用地整治的实施效果区域差别大,土地生态整治实践水平不高,土地整治资金稳定性不足。为适应时代发展要求,一要创新理念,引导土地整治向绿色化为主导特征的方向转变;二要顺应发展要求,重构土地整治新战略,稳定布局、消除障碍、阻止退化、修复污染,分类型、分区域、分程度规划组织土地整治工程项目;三要重点建设生态良田,使中国高标准生态良田达到6.67×107 hm~2以上;四要依托土地整治工程实施全面节地战略;五要推进土地综合整治,优化土地利用空间格局;六要加强示范建设、完善政策机制。
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| 关 键 词： | 土地整治 土地利用 创新 土地整治战略 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015/11/16 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2016/1/19 0:00:00 |
Reshaping and innovation of China land consolidation strategy |
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| Yun Wanqi,Zhu Daolin and Tang Huaizhi.Reshaping and innovation of China land consolidation strategy[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2016,32(4):1-8. |
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| Authors: | Yun Wanqi Zhu Daolin and Tang Huaizhi |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China,1. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Agricultural Land Qualify, Monitoring and Control, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100035, China and 3. Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100035, China |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: The concept and function of land consolidation in China have been continuously enriched and expanded since 1997, which has become more and more significant for the implementation of China's most stringent farmland protection and economical and intensive land use system. This paper reviews China's land consolidation practice and theoretical research of recent 20 years. Land consolidation in China now is experiencing a new adjustment stage after its 3 stages of development. Each stage has different features, of which Stage 1 focuses on the cultivated land quantity supplement, Stage 2 on basic farmland protection and construction, Stage 3 on the comprehensive improvement of the regional land, and now i.e. Stage 4 is taking the ecological concept for the guide. Total conditions about China's land consolidation planning implemented during the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" is summarized in the paper and its main goal has basically been completed, including the goals of constructing 26.67 million hm2 high standard farmland, supplementing 1.6 million hm2 farmland, and constructing 116 basic farmland protection demonstration areas and 500 high standard farmland demonstration counties. A contrastive analysis on land consolidation objectives and implementation from 2011 to 2015 is made and 5 major problems of China's land consolidation at the present stage are pointed out, which include that the integrated land consolidation practice is still in low level, the pressure on the resources and environment has not been effectively relieved, the implementation effect of the construction land differs greatly in different areas, the land ecological remediation practice level is not high, and the land consolidation funds are instable. At present, China's economic and social development has entered a new normal. An effective way to solve the problems about food security, village reform and urban governance is urgently needed by innovating land consolidation concept, reconstructing land consolidation strategy, objectives and priorities, and breaking the bottleneck constraint of resource on economic growth so as to achieve rational land use comprehensively. Above all, the paper gives 6 suggestions. Firstly, innovate land consolidation concept by taking green development as the land consolidation change direction; secondly, in accordance with the requirements of the development, effectively organize the land consolidation projects by type classification, regional classification and degree classification; thirdly, build more than 10 million mu farmlands with the focuses on eco-farmland construction; fourthly, full strategies should be implemented and supported by land reclamation project; fifthly, promote the land comprehensive improvement and optimize land spatial pattern; sixthly, strengthen the demonstration construction and improve the policy mechanism. |
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| Keywords: | land reclamation land use innovation land consolidation strategy |
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