| 集中水流下土石混合崩积体坡面侵蚀水动力特征试验研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 蒋芳市,陈培济,黄炎和,林金石,詹振芝,葛宏力,季 翔.集中水流下土石混合崩积体坡面侵蚀水动力特征试验研究[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(6):8-14. |
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| 作者姓名： | 蒋芳市 陈培济 黄炎和 林金石 詹振芝 葛宏力 季 翔 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.福建农林大学资源与环境学院，福建省土壤环境健康与调控重点实验室，福州 350002；2.中国科学院城市环境研究所，福建 厦门 361021 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了探究土石混合崩积体坡面侵蚀的水动力学机理,采用室内放水冲刷试验,研究了不同流量(2,4,8,16L/min)和坡度(10°,20°,30°,40°)条件下4种土石混合崩积体(0,20%,40%,60%砾石质量百分数)坡面侵蚀的水动力学特征。结果表明:(1)在小坡度和小流量条件下,侵蚀率随砾石含量的增大而减小;当流量或者坡度增大时,侵蚀率随砾石含量的增加呈先减小后增大的规律;各土石混合物侵蚀率均能用坡度和流量的二元幂函数来表达。(2)水流剪切力、水流功率和单位水流功率与侵蚀率均呈线性函数关系,其中水流功率和水流剪切力可优先作为模拟土石混合崩积体坡面侵蚀的水动力学参数。(3)可蚀性参数及临界侵蚀动力随着砾石含量的增加而增加。研究结果可为进一步深化认识崩积体侵蚀机理提供参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 崩岗 崩积体 土石混合物 土壤侵蚀 水动力学 |
Experimental Study on Erosion Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Concentrated Flow on Earth-rock Mixed Colluvial Deposit Slopes |
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| JIANG Fangshi,CHEN Peiji,HUANG Yanhe,LIN Jinshi,ZHAN Zhenzhi,GE Hongli,JI Xiang.Experimental Study on Erosion Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Concentrated Flow on Earth-rock Mixed Colluvial Deposit Slopes[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,31(6):8-14. |
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| Authors: | JIANG Fangshi CHEN Peiji HUANG Yanhe LIN Jinshi ZHAN Zhenzhi GE Hongli JI Xiang |
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| Institution: | 1.Fujian Key Laboratory of Soil Environment Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002;2.Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian 361021 |
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| Abstract: | In order to study the hydrodynamic mechanism of soil erosion on earth-rock mixed colluvial deposit slopes, scouring tests were conducted in the laboratory. In the tests, four the gravel contents (mass content) (0, 20%, 40% and 60%), four flows (2, 4, 8 and 16 L/min) and four slope gradients (10°, 20°, 30° and 40°) were set. Results showed the following: (1) soil erosion rate decreased with the increasing of gravel content when the slope gradient or flow was low, while when the flow or slope gradient increased, erosion rate first decreased and then increased with the increasing of gravel content; erosion rates of different earth-rock mixtures could be expressed by power function of slope and flow. (2) Flow shear stress, stream power and unit stream power were all linearly related to erosion rate, while by comparison, shear stress and stream power were the optimal hydrodynamic parameters to simulate the erosion process on the earth-rock mixed colluvial deposit slopes. (3) Soil erodibility parameter and critical erosion force both increased with the increasing of gravel content. These results of this study could provide a reference for further understanding the erosion mechanism of colluvial deposit. |
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| Keywords: | Benggang colluvial deposit earth-rock mixture soil erosion hydrodynamic |
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