| 生物质炭和果胶对再生水灌溉下玉米生长及养分、重金属迁移的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘 源,崔二苹,李中阳,杜臻杰,高 峰,樊向阳.生物质炭和果胶对再生水灌溉下玉米生长及养分、重金属迁移的影响[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(6):242-248. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘 源 崔二苹 李中阳 杜臻杰 高 峰 樊向阳 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所，河南 新乡 453002；2.中国农业科学院河南新乡农业水土环境野外科学观测试验站，河南 新乡 453002；3.中国农业科学院农业水资源高效安全利用重点开放实验室，河南 新乡 453002 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用根箱试验方法比较了生物质炭和果胶对再生水灌溉下土壤—植物系统养分和重金属迁移特征的影响及差异性。结果表明,再生水灌溉不利于植物的生长,果胶和生物质炭两个处理相比,虽然植株生长无显著差异,但果胶处理植株的生长状况优于生物质炭处理;再生水灌溉时,果胶处理地上部生物量比对照增加了59.32%。与蒸馏水灌溉相比,再生水灌溉增加了根际土壤pH;灌溉水源相同时,果胶处理根际土壤pH略低于生物质炭处理。生物质炭和果胶都增加了土壤养分的含量,果胶对土壤碱解氮、有效磷和有机质的增加效果优于生物质炭,生物质炭对土壤有效钾的增加幅度大于果胶。生物质炭增加了植株的养分含量,果胶提高了养分的转运能力。生物质炭降低了土壤有效态Fe、Mn、Cu、Ni的含量,果胶增加了土壤有效态Fe、Mn、Cu、Pb、Ni的含量。果胶处理植株根系重金属含量普遍高于生物质炭处理,如蒸馏水灌溉下果胶处理根系Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Ni含量分别比生物质炭处理增加了165.29%,113.01%,21.16%,92.74%,14.61%,26.86%和53.43%,但Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Ni等元素在果胶处理的转运系数最低。该研究可为再生水灌溉下生物质炭和果胶在北方碱性土壤的农业安全利用提供理论依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 再生水 生物质炭 果胶 植物生长 养分 重金属 |
Different Effects of Biochar and Pectin on Maize Growth, Nutrient and Heavy Metals Migration Irrigated by Reclaimed Water |
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| LIU Yuan,CUI Erping,LI Zhongyang,DU Zhenjie,GAO Feng,FAN Xiangyang.Different Effects of Biochar and Pectin on Maize Growth, Nutrient and Heavy Metals Migration Irrigated by Reclaimed Water[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,31(6):242-248. |
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| Authors: | LIU Yuan CUI Erping LI Zhongyang DU Zhenjie GAO Feng FAN Xiangyang |
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| Institution: | 1.Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, Henan 453002;2.Agriculture Water and Soil Environmental Field Science Research Station of Xinxiang City of Henan Province of CAAS, Xinxiang, Henan 453002;3.Key Laboratory of High-efficient and Safe Utilization of Agriculture Water Resources of CAAS, Xinxiang, Henan 453002 |
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| Abstract: | Rhizobox culture method was employed to investigate the effects of biochar and pectin on nutrient and heavy metals migration in soil-plant system irrigated by reclaimed water. The results showed that reclaimed water irrigation did harm to the plant growth. Plant grew better in pectin treatments than biochar though there was no significant difference between the both. When irrigated with reclaimed water, the shoot biomass in pectin treatments were 59.32% higher than CK. Compared with distilled water irrigation, reclaimed water irrigation increased the soil pH. When the irrigation water was same, the soil pH of pectin treatments was a little lower than the biochar treatments. Both the biochar and pectin treatments raised the soil nutrient contents, and pectin performed better for the increase in soil available nitrogen, available phosphorous and organic matter, while biochar resulted in the higher increase in soil available potassium. Biochar enhanced the plant nutrient contents, and pectin improved the transport capacity of nutrients. Bichoar decreased the soil available Fe, Mn, Cu, and Ni contents, but pectin increased the soil available Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb, Ni contents. The heavy metals contents in plant roots under pectin treatments were generally higher than that of biochar treatments. Take the distilled water irrigation for example, the Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni contents in plant roots of pectin treatments were 165.29%, 113.01%, 21.16%, 92.74%, 14.61%, 26.86% and 53.43% higher than that of biochar treatments. Fortunately, the translocation factors of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni in pectin treatments were lowest. This study could provide the theoretical basis for the agricultural safe utilization of biochar and pectin in north alkaline soil with reclaimed water irrigation. |
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| Keywords: | reclaimed water biochar pectin plant growth nutrient heavy metals |
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