| 长江宜昌至城陵矶江段鱼类资源现状及物种多样性研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 范振华,巴家文,段辛斌.长江宜昌至城陵矶江段鱼类资源现状及物种多样性研究[J].淡水渔业,2012(4):20-25. |
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| 作者姓名： | 范振华 巴家文 段辛斌 |
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| 作者单位： | 华中农业大学水产学院;农业部长江中上游渔业资源环境科学观测实验站中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 |
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| 基金项目： | 公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费资助(200903048-01) |
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| 摘 要： | 2010—2011年分别于3月、7月和10月在宜昌、荆州和城陵矶江段对长江中游鱼类资源进行了调查,共采集到鱼类58种,隶属于7目14科,其中鲤科鱼类最多,有36种,占总种类数的62.1%。鲢(Hypophthalmich-thys molitrix)、鲤(Cyprinus carpio)、草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)和南方鲇(Silurus meridionalis)依次占了渔获总量的前4位。但青鱼(Mylopharyngodon piceus)、草鱼、鲢、鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)等的数量比重却低于野杂鱼(Hemiculter leucisclus)。宜昌、荆州、城陵矶江段,生物多样性指数和物种丰富度指数依次下降,3个江段的物种优势度指数存在一定差异。主要鱼类生物学统计表明,城陵矶江段部分鱼类平均体长和体重,草鱼分别下降了60%和95%,鲢下降了50%和80%。长江中游鱼类资源呈现出低龄化和小型化的趋势,其中铜鱼变化最为明显,资源衰退情况非常严重。
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| 关 键 词： | 长江 宜昌 荆州 城陵矶 渔业资源 生物多样性 |
Studies on fish resources and species diversity in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River from Yichang to Chenglingji section |
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| FAN Zhen-hua,BA Jia-wen,DUAN Xin-bin.Studies on fish resources and species diversity in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River from Yichang to Chenglingji section[J].Freshwater Fisheries,2012(4):20-25. |
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| Authors: | FAN Zhen-hua BA Jia-wen DUAN Xin-bin |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Fisheries,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070; 2.Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in the Upper and Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River,Ministry of Agriculture/Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuhan 430223) |
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| Abstract: | From 2010 to 2011,we collected the fish resources in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River in Yichang,Jingzhou and Chenglingji section.Totally,58 species which belonged to 7 orders and 14 families were collected.In these samples,36 kinds of fish belonged to Cyprinidae family,which occupied 62.07% of the total number of the species.Hypophthalmichthys molitrix,Cyprinus carpio,Ctenopharyngodon idellus and Silurus meridionalis as the dominant species in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River occupied the top 4 of the total catches in order.But as the economic fish,the the proportion of the number of H.molitrix,Mylopharyngodon piceus,Aristichthys nobilis,C.idellus was lower than Hemiculter leucisclus which is a kind of wild fish.From Yichang to Jingzhou and then to Chenglingji section,both Shannon-Weaver diversity index and Margalef richness index declined in turn,while the Simpson index of each section in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River were different.Fish biological statistics indicated that the mean body length and mean body weight of some fish in Chenglingji section decreased,Ctenopharyngodon idellus decreased 60% and 95% and H.molitrix decreased 50% and 80%,respectively.Fishery catches analysis results showed that the fish resources of the middle Yangtze River presented a trend of younger age and miniaturization.The most obvious change appeared in Coreius heterodon,the situation of its recession is very serious. |
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| Keywords: | Yangtze River Yichang Jingzhou Chenglingji fishery resources biodiversity |
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