Characterization of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phytophthora clandestina</Emphasis> races on <Emphasis Type="Italic">Trifolium subterraneum</Emphasis> in Western Australia |
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| Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">Ming?Pei?YouEmail author Martin?J?Barbetti Krishnapillai?Sivasithamparam |
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| Institution: | (1) Plant Pathology, Department of Agriculture Western Australia, Locked Bag 36 6983, Bentley Delivery Centre, W.A., Australia;(2) School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 6009 Crawley, W.A., Australia;(3) School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 6009 Crawley, W.A., Australia |
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| Abstract: | Phytophthora clandestina is a causal agent of root rot disease of subterranean clover in Western Australia (W.A). As a significant number of isolates
of P. clandestina from W.A. could not previously be designated using existing differentials, a comprehensive set of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) cultivars was used as differentials to delineate a broader range of races of the pathogen. One hundred and one isolates
of the pathogen collected from W.A. were screened on nine subterranean clover cultivars, of which seven were found to be useful
as host differentials. A total of 10 races (in contrast to the five recognized previously) were defined and differentiated
using octal nomenclature, presenting a clearer picture of the racial distribution of P. clandestina among W.A. isolates. Differences were found in the race populations between Australian states and are therefore important
to the selection/breeding of cultivars for specific regions of Australia to counter the predominant race populations and for
enforcing quarantine measures in relation to seed movements within and outside Australia. The octal nomenclature used provides
a sound basis for follow-up studies and future race designations. Races 173 and 177 in this study were widely distributed
and were the most common races in W.A., and together constitute 80% of the isolates characterized. While six of the seven
host differentials were resistant to isolates belonging to race 001 and all were resistant to 000, it is of concern that only
one differential was resistant to 157 and 173 and that none of the host differentials were resistant to 177. Our approach
to P. clandestina race delineation is clearly conservative and is different from previous studies. The octal nomenclature we applied in this
study is not only scientifically sound but also will facilitate rapid recognition and characterization of the races. |
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| Keywords: | differential cultivars Phytophthora root rot races subterranean clover breeding |
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