| 国内外城市树木孢粉致敏研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 宗桦,姚鳗卿,吴晓奕.国内外城市树木孢粉致敏研究进展[J].世界林业研究,2021,34(3):38-45. |
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| 作者姓名： | 宗桦 姚鳗卿 吴晓奕 |
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| 作者单位： | 西南交通大学建筑与设计学院风景园林系，成都 611756 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金面上项目“基于节约型乡村景观设计理念的川西林盘乔木景观生态水文效应研究”(31971716)；四川省科技厅项目(20RKX0670)；四川省社会科学研究“十三五”规划资助项目(SC19B138) |
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| 摘 要： | 城市绿色空间是市民与环境互动、维持人类健康的重要空间。在城市绿色空间中部分树木释放出的孢粉（孢子与花粉）会诱过敏反应，严重威胁人类健康。根据世界卫生组织预测，未来20年内将会有35%的世界人口对孢粉产生过敏反应。文中综述国内外65个主要城市树木孢粉致敏的研究进展，梳理孢粉致敏的研究历程和监测方法，比较得出城市中引发孢粉致敏的主要树种及风险期；在此基础上，归纳出诱导城市树木孢粉致敏发生率提升的4大因素——气候因子、城市空气污染物、城市绿化方式以及植物之间的交叉反应，并提炼出目前树木孢粉致敏研究存在的短板；从5个方面阐述孢粉致敏对公园城市营造的启示，并提出未来研究展望，以期科学指导我国公园城市的园林建设，推动“健康中国”发展战略的实施。
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| 关 键 词： | 城市树木 孢粉 致敏 公园城市 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-05-27 |
A Review of the Research on Urban Trees Pollen Allergy |
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| Institution: | School of Architecture and Design, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China |
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| Abstract: | Urban green spaces are the vital space for the interaction between citizens and the environment and human health improvement. However, the pollen released from urban trees may induce the allergy, which is a serious threat to human health. According to data from the World Health Organization, 35% of the world’s population will have an allergic reaction to pollen in the next 20 years. Thus, by reviewing urban tree pollen allergy researches on 65 major cities, the paper summarizes the research history of pollen allergy research and the assessment method used, and then compares the allergic tree species and the risk period in these cities. The 4 factors that can induce and increase the occurrence of urban tree pollen allergy are concluded, i.e., climate factors, urban air pollutants, urban greening strategies and the interactions among plants, and points out the shortcomings of the current researches. Then the enlightenment of the researches on urban park establishment are expounded from 5 perspectives, with the purpose to provide scientific guidance for the park city landscaping and to promote the implementation of the “Healthy China” strategy. |
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