Culture of unpollinated ovules,ovaries, and flower buds in some species of the genus Allium and haploid induction via gynogenesis in onion (Allium cepa L.) |
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| Authors: | J Keller |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of in vitro Technics, Institute of Plant Breeding Research, 4300 Quedlinburg, GDR;(2) Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Berlin, 4300 Quedlinburg, GDR;(3) Present address: Central Institute of Genetics and Cultivated Plant Research Gatersleben, Academy of Sciences of the GDR, Genebank, 4325 Gatersleben, GDR |
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| Abstract: | Summary Induction of haploid plants is of great importance for breeding purposes because of the possibility to obtain from haploids homozygous material by artificial chromosome doubling in relatively short times. The present study reports the first evidence of successfull haploid induction in onion. Isolated ovules, ovaries, or whole flower buds of different Allium species were cultured on BDS agar medium. Testa browning in the ovules and an extensive growth of the latter were observed. In cultures of ovaries and flower buds, development of callus and subsequent regeneration of plantlets from the region of the nectaries were observed. In leek, sometimes supernumerary flower organs like ovules were formed in this callus. In onion (Allium cepa L.), plantlets developed from the ovules in all culture methods. Chromosome numbers of these plantlets were counted in root tip squash preparations. They were found to be haploid. Haploid plants were significantly smaller than diploid ones. They were transferred to soil and developed until bulb formation. Because of their importance for breeding, haploid plants obtained by gynogenesis are further stored in vitro. |
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| Keywords: | Allium haploid induction ovule and ovary culture gynogenesis |
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