| 黄淮海地区大豆品种生物及力学特性研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 李庆伦,金诚谦,印祥,倪有亮,宁新杰.黄淮海地区大豆品种生物及力学特性研究[J].农机化研究,2021(4):185-190. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李庆伦 金诚谦 印祥 倪有亮 宁新杰 |
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| 作者单位： | 山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院;农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 |
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| 基金项目： | 现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-04-PS26);山东省农机装备研发创新计划项目(2018YF006);山东省高等学校优势学科人才团队培育计划项目(2016—2020)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 为研究大豆品种收获时期生物学及力学特性,对黄淮海地区12个大豆品种收获期的植株高度、底荚高度、蓬面直径、豆荚长度、豆荚个数、草谷比、百粒质量、豆粒厚度方向直径、籽粒和茎秆含水率进行测量。结果表明:收获期黄淮海实际种植的主流品种平均植株高度78.3cm,平均低荚高度18.9cm,平均蓬面直径10.0cm,豆荚平均长度4.9cm,豆荚平均个数61个,平均草谷比1.40,平均百粒质量19.9g,籽粒厚度方向平均直径5.7mm,大豆平均含水率12%,茎秆平均含水率28.4%。在含水率为13.0%,加载速度10、30、50mm/min条件下,运用万能材料试验机对不同大豆品种进行植株力学特性试验,分析了植株豆荚脱离和炸荚所需破坏力、破坏能与加载速度的关系。试验结果表明:单个大豆植株豆荚脱离和炸荚所需的破坏力和破坏能比较小,且在不同的加载速度下区别不大;豆荚炸荚时所需破坏力小于豆荚脱离时所需破坏力,在大豆收获过程中,避免炸荚、减少炸荚损失应是重点。
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| 关 键 词： | 大豆 生物学特性 力学特性 收获时期 黄淮海地区 |
Study on Biological and Mechanical Properties of Some Soybean Varieties in Huang-Huai-Hai Region |
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| Li Qinglun,Jin Chengqian,Yin Xiang,Ni Youliang,Ning Xinjie.Study on Biological and Mechanical Properties of Some Soybean Varieties in Huang-Huai-Hai Region[J].Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research,2021(4):185-190. |
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| Authors: | Li Qinglun Jin Chengqian Yin Xiang Ni Youliang Ning Xinjie |
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| Institution: | (School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China;Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China) |
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| Abstract: | In order to study the biological and mechanical properties of soybean varieties during harvest,the plant height,bottom pod height,canopy diameter,pod length,number of pods,grass-to-grain ratio,100-grain weight,and bean thickness of 12 soybean varieties in the Huang-Huai-Hai area were harvested.Directional diameter,and grain and stem moisture content were measured.The results showed that the average plant height of the main varieties cultivated in Huanghuaihai during the harvest period was 78.3cm,the average low pod height was 18.9cm,the average canopy diameter was 10.0cm,the average length of pods was 4.9cm,the average number of pods was 61,and the average ratio of grass to valley was 1.40.The average 100-grain weight is 19.9 g,the average diameter in the grain thickness direction is 5.7mm,the average moisture content of soybean is 12%,and the average moisture content of the stem is 28.4%.Using the universal material testing machine to test the mechanical properties of different soybean varieties under the condition of water content of 13.0%,loading speed of 10mm/min,30mm/min and 50mm/min,the pods were separated from the plants and analyzed.The relationship between the destructive power,the destruction energy and the loading speed of the fried pod.It has been experimentally found that the destructive force and destruction energy required for the detachment and frying of individual soybean plants are relatively small,and there is little difference at different loading speeds.When the pods are fried,the destructive power is less than the destructive force required when the pods are detached.During the soybean harvesting process,avoiding the pods and reducing the loss of the pods should be the focus.design. |
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| Keywords: | soybean biological characteristics mechanical properties harvest period Huang-Huai-Hai region |
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