| 气力输送式小麦播种机垂直型分配器设计与试验 |
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| 引用本文： | 王国松,刁培松,陈美舟,于晓阳,徐广飞,王传旭.气力输送式小麦播种机垂直型分配器设计与试验[J].农机化研究,2021(3):189-195. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王国松 刁培松 陈美舟 于晓阳 徐广飞 王传旭 |
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| 作者单位： | 山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院;烟台南山学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 山东省重点研发计划项目(2016GNC112009)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 传统小麦播种机存在作业效率较低、生产成本高、各行排量一致性差等问题,设计了一种适用于气力输送式小麦播种机的垂直型分配器。分配器采用垂直分配的种子分配方式,能使种子运动轨迹平滑,运动方向变化小,实现种子均匀分配。通过研究种子在分配器内部的受力情况,确定了风速、圆锥角度等对排种性能影响较大的关键参数;采用Flow Simulation对分配器进行了内部流场仿真,得出了气流场在不同圆锥角度及风速作用下的状态;通过对种子的运动仿真,得出了种子在分配器内运动状态,验证了垂直分配式分配器的分配效果。搭建了气力输送式小麦排种试验台,以排种器转速、圆锥角度和风速为试验因素,以小麦排种系统各行排量一致性变异系数为试验指标进行正交试验,确定较优参数组合为风速15m/s,排种器转速40r/min,圆锥角度90°。在该条件下,测试结果各行排量一致性变异系数2.78%,远远满足小麦播种各行排量一致性变异系数低于3.9%的要求。
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| 关 键 词： | 小麦播种机 气力输送式 分配器 性能试验 |
Design and Experiment of Pneumatic Transport Vertical Distributor for Wheat Seeder |
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| Wang Guosong,Diao Peisong,Chen Meizhou,Yu Xiaoyang,Xu Guangfei,Wang Chuanxu.Design and Experiment of Pneumatic Transport Vertical Distributor for Wheat Seeder[J].Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research,2021(3):189-195. |
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| Authors: | Wang Guosong Diao Peisong Chen Meizhou Yu Xiaoyang Xu Guangfei Wang Chuanxu |
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| Institution: | (School of Agricultural and Food Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,China;Yantai Nanshan University,Yantai 265713,China) |
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| Abstract: | Aiming at the problems of poor consistency of each row,high production cost,low operation efficiency.The technology has been studied and an pneumatic transport vertical distributor for wheat seeder was designed,the distributor adopts an upwardly distributed seed distribution mode,which makes the seed movement trajectory smooth and the movement direction changes little.This type of distribution reduces turbulence inside the dispenser and improves the consistency of the rows.The force and movement state of the seed inside the dispenser were studied.The main force of the seed in the flow field is the drag force generated by the relative velocity of the airflow and the seed,the gravity of the seed itself,and the lift generated by the rotation.The main factors of wheat seed movement direction are airflow velocity,Cone angle,wheat type,and changes in seed trajectory will directly affect the consistency.These factors need to be analyzed.Flow Simulation was used to simulate the internal flow field of the distributor.The state of the airflow field under different cone angles and wind speeds was determined.When the cone angle was too small or too large,the turbulence in the distributor were more.When the wind speed increased,the turbulence inside the dispenser will also increase.The pneumatic conveying type wheat seeding inspection platform was built.The wind velocity and rotating speed of seed meter can be directly controlled by the test bed control system,and the cone angle can be changed by replacing the conical cover of different specifications.The factors that have a great influence on the performance of the seeding system are rotating speed of seed meter,cone angle and wind velocity.Taking the rotating speed of the seed meter,the cone angle and the wind velocity as the test factors,the orthogonal test was carried out with the consistency of each row.It is determined that the combined parameter wind velocity is 15m/s,the rotating speed of seed meter is 40r/min,and the cone angle is 90°.Under this condition,the discharge consistency of each row is 2.78%,which is lower than the relevant standards for wheat sowing.This study provides a reference for the research and development of pneumatic conveying wheat planters. |
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| Keywords: | seeder wheat pneumatic conveying distributor performance test |
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