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鲁中夏玉米水肥一体化下减氮增效技术研究
引用本文:吴广俊,黄志银,张超,路笃旭,翟乃家,乔健,刘蔚霞,王宁宁,王光明.鲁中夏玉米水肥一体化下减氮增效技术研究[J].中国农业科技导报,2021,23(10):145-152.
作者姓名:吴广俊  黄志银  张超  路笃旭  翟乃家  乔健  刘蔚霞  王宁宁  王光明
作者单位:山东省农业科学研究院淄博分院, 山东 淄博 255033
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD300602-3); 山东省现代农业产业技术体系项目(SDAIT-02-09)
摘    要:为研究水肥一体化对鲁中地区夏玉米生长的影响,进而探索水肥一体化下减氮的可行性,在田间条件下,以不施氮为对照(CK),设置水肥一体化减氮施肥(W1N1)、水肥一体化施氮(W1N2)、常规水肥管理减氮(W2N1)、常规水肥管理施氮(W2N2)共5种水肥管理模式,研究水肥一体化下减氮对玉米生长发育、氮素吸收和利用的影响。结果表明:施肥处理的玉米籽粒产量、穗粒数、千粒重均高于不施肥处理。同等施氮量下,水肥一体化能显著提高玉米籽粒产量、干物质积累量和氮素积累总量。W1N2显著增加了花后干物质积累量,提高了花后对氮素的吸收积累能力。与CK相比,W1N1的氮素转运量提高了120.51%,氮素转运率提高了72.78%。W1N1在保障玉米籽粒产量的同时,可提高氮素转运效率、氮素偏生产力和氮素农学利用效率。说明水肥一体化减氮处理能获得较高的氮肥利用率,能够在稳产的前提下,实现氮肥的减量施用。

关 键 词:夏玉米  水肥一体化  减氮  氮素偏生产力  
收稿时间:2020-05-19

Study on Nitrogen Reduction and Efficiency Increase Technology Under Water-fertilizer Integration of Summer Maize in Central Region of Shandong Province
WU Guangjun,HUANG Zhiyin,ZHANG Chao,LU Duxu,ZHAI Naijia,QIAO Jian,LIU Weixia,WANG Ningning,WANG Guangming.Study on Nitrogen Reduction and Efficiency Increase Technology Under Water-fertilizer Integration of Summer Maize in Central Region of Shandong Province[J].Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology,2021,23(10):145-152.
Authors:WU Guangjun  HUANG Zhiyin  ZHANG Chao  LU Duxu  ZHAI Naijia  QIAO Jian  LIU Weixia  WANG Ningning  WANG Guangming
Institution:Zibo Branch of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Zibo 255033, China
Abstract:In order to study the influence of water-fertilizer Integration on growth of summer maize in Central Region of Shandong province, five treatments were conducted including non-nitrogen (CK), reduction of nitrogen of water and fertilizer integration (W1N1), normal nitrogen of water and fertilizer integration (W1N2), reduction of nitrogen of conventional fertilizer and water management (W2N1), normal nitrogen of conventional fertilizer and water management (W2N2). The growth, nitrogen absorption and utilization of maize were investigated under different treatments. The results showed that: the grain yield, panicle number and 1 000-grain weight of maize in fertilization treatments were higher than those in no fertilization treatment. Under the same nitrogen application rate, the treatments of water and fertilizer integration could significantly increase corn grain yield, shoot biomass and total nitrogen accumulation of maize. The accumulation of dry matter, the absorption and accumulation of nitrogen after flowering in W1N2 treatment were significantly increased . The nitrogen transport amount and nitrogen transport rate in W1N1 treatment were increased. Compared with CK, the nitrogen transportation amount and transportation rate of nitrogen in W1N1 treatment were increased by 120.51% and 72.78%, respectively. In W1N1 treatment, the grain yield was higher, and the nitrogen transport efficiency, nitrogen partial productivity and nitrogen agronomic utilization efficiency were improved. So, the suitable reduction of nitrogen rate under water-fertilizer integration could not only enhance nitrogen use efficiency, but also high yield.
Keywords:summer maize  water-fertilizer integration  reduce nitrogen  the partial nitrogen productivity  
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