| 姬松茸菌褶、担孢子及菌丝体微观形态观察 |
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| 引用本文： | 周宇,黄在兴,鲍兴禄,李晶,刘朋虎.姬松茸菌褶、担孢子及菌丝体微观形态观察[J].热带作物学报,2022,43(12):2482-2488. |
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| 作者姓名： | 周宇 黄在兴 鲍兴禄 李晶 刘朋虎 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.福建农林大学园艺学院，福建福州 3500022.福建农林大学国家菌草工程技术研究中心，福建福州 3500023.广西大学农学院应用微生物研究所/广西大学食用菌研究所，广西南宁 5300054.福建省武夷山市吴屯乡乡村振兴发展中心，福建武夷山 354309 |
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| 基金项目： | 福建省科技厅农业引导性（重点）项目(2020N0007);福建农林大学学科交叉融合项目(XKJC-712021030);中央引导地方科技发展专项(2020L3030) |
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| 摘 要： | 姬松茸（Agaricus brasiliensis）不仅营养丰富还具有很高的药用价值，是一种名贵的食药用菌，其产业发展前景广阔。但由于姬松茸种质资源匮乏，对姬松茸的遗传背景认识不足，阻碍了其杂交育种技术的发展，现有的种质资源难以满足实际生产需要。本研究以姬松茸J1菌株为实验材料，通过对姬松茸生殖相关结构进行微观形态观察，探究姬松茸相关的生物学特性。利用扫描电子显微镜和荧光显微镜观察姬松茸不同生长发育时期菌褶、担孢子和菌丝体微观形态特征。结果表明：桑葚期菌褶和菌髓处于发育阶段，菌褶片状物不明显；珊瑚期后能明显观察到菌褶片状物，相互平行排列，由菌髓和其两侧的子实层组成，排列紧密，厚度均匀，且着生少量担子，但菌髓呈不规则排列；成形期菌褶更为清晰、排列规整，内菌幕未破裂，菌褶间隙包含表面凸起排列的担孢子和杂乱的导管状细胞，导管状细胞紧密关联；成形期菌褶担子较为饱满，有褶皱，担子上着生有3个孢子梗或4个孢子梗，各担孢子之间有细小的连接丝。通过DAPI对担孢子核数进行染色观察，发现姬松茸大多数担孢子属于双核孢子，少量属于单核和无核孢子；通过DAPI对菌丝体细胞核进行染色观察，发现姬松茸菌丝体属于多核，有隔膜，但未见锁状联合。本研究明确了姬松茸不同生长发育时期的菌褶、担子、担孢子以及菌丝体的微观形态特征，丰富了姬松茸的生物学研究和生活史过程认识，为姬松茸杂交育种、担孢子交配型、遗传转化体系等研究奠定了基础。
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| 关 键 词： | 姬松茸 菌褶 担孢子 细胞核 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-01-12 |
Microscopic Observations of Gills,Basidiospores and Mycelium in Agaricus brasiliensis |
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| ZHOU Yu,HUANG Zaixing,BAO Xinglu,LI Jing,LIU Penghu.Microscopic Observations of Gills,Basidiospores and Mycelium in Agaricus brasiliensis[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,2022,43(12):2482-2488. |
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| Authors: | ZHOU Yu HUANG Zaixing BAO Xinglu LI Jing LIU Penghu |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China2. National Engineering Research Center of Juncao Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China3. Institute of Applied Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University / Institute of Edible Fungi, Nanning, Guangxi 530005, China4. Wutun Town Rural Revitalization Development Center, Wuyishan, Fujian 354309, China |
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| Abstract: | Agaricus brasiliensis is a precious edible and medicinal mushroom, which is not only rich in nutrition but also has high medicinal value, and its industrial development has a broad prospect. However, the lack of germplasm resources of A. brasiliensis and insufficient knowledge of the genetic background of A. brasiliensis have hindered the development of its hybrid breeding technology, and the existing germplasm resources can hardly meet the practical needs of production. A. brasiliensis strains J1 was used as research materials, it is proposed to investigate the biological properties related to A. brasiliensis by micro-morphological observation of the reproduction-related structures of A. brasiliensis. The microscopic morphological characteristics of gills, basidiospores and mycelium in different growth and development stages were observed by scanning electron microscope and fluorescence microscope. The gills and trama were in the developmental stage and the hyphae lamellae were not obvious, and the gill sheets were not obvious during the morula state. The gill sheets were obviously observed, arranged parallel to each other, composed of trama and the fruiting layers on both sides, which were closely arranged, uniform in thickness, and a small amount of basidia were borne after the coral stage, but the trama was irregularly arranged. During the forming stage, the gills were clear and regular, and the inner veil was not ruptured, the gill space contains basidiospores and disorganized duct-like cells arranged in raised surface, and the duct-like cells in the gill were closely related. During the forming stage, the gill basidium was relatively full and wrinkled. There were 3 or 4 sporozoites on the gill basidia, and there were small connecting filaments between the basidiospores. The observation of basidiospore nuclei by DAPI staining showed that the most basidiospores were dinuclear spores, and a few were mononuclear and enucleated spores. The observation of mycelial nuclei by DAPI staining showed that the mycelium of A. brasiliensis mycelium was multinucleated and had septa, but there was no lock-like association. This study would clarify the microscopic morphological characteristics of gills, basidia, basidiospores and mycelium in different growth and development stages of A. brasiliensis, enrich the knowledge of biological studies and life history processes of A. brasiliensis, and lay a foundation for the hybrid breeding, basidiospore mating types, genetics transformation system of A. brasiliensis. |
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| Keywords: | Agaricus brasiliensis gills basidiospore nucleus |
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