| 海南岛热带水果种植结构时空变化分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 叶露,李玉萍,梁伟红,刘燕群,秦小立,邓春梅,金琰.海南岛热带水果种植结构时空变化分析[J].热带作物学报,2022,43(12):2586-2596. |
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| 作者姓名： | 叶露 李玉萍 梁伟红 刘燕群 秦小立 邓春梅 金琰 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国热带农业科学院科技信息研究所/海南省热带作物信息技术应用研究重点实验室，海南海口 5711012.海南大学网络空间安全学院，海南海口 570228 |
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| 基金项目： | 海南省自然科学基金项目(720QN318);海口市哲学社会科学规划课题(2022-ZCKT-67);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1630072022007) |
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| 摘 要： | 热带水果产业是海南农民增收致富的支柱产业，分析海南建省以来热带水果种植结构的演变历程与驱动因素，有助于提出相应的调整优化策略，推动海南岛热带水果产业优化升级。本研究运用重心分析、空间分析及回归分析法，研究海南岛各市（县）1988—2020年热带水果种植结构类型演变、种植比例变化趋势、生产重心迁移及驱动因素。结果表明：（1）海南岛热带水果面积呈现波动上升趋势，主要种植芒果、香蕉、荔枝、菠萝、柑橘橙柚、龙眼等，龙眼生产重心移动距离最大，菠萝生产重心移动距离最小。（2）海南岛热带水果总体种植结构类型为芒果、香蕉、荔枝、菠萝的单一或组合类型，单一水果、2种水果组合、3种水果组合类型数量之比为48∶0∶52；市县热带水果种植结构类型为香蕉、芒果、荔枝、菠萝、龙眼、柑橘橙柚的单一或组合类型，单一、2种、3种水果组合类型数量之比为78∶9∶13。（3）市（县）热带水果种植结构空间集聚特征明显，经历了集聚、分散、再集聚的过程，大部分市（县）已形成稳定的主导种植结构，少部分市（县）仍在不断调整探索；主要水果种植比例变化趋势相同的区域集聚性更显著。（4）海南岛热带水果种植结构演变的驱动因素主要包括自然环境、政策扶持、社会需求、市场行情和农垦改革。应在充分了解当地水果种植结构演变历程及驱动因素的基础上，遵循自然资源条件，以市场需求为导向，综合考虑经济社会发展与生态保护等其他因素，合理调控产业规模，推动当地形成具有地方优势与特色的水果种植结构，促进海南岛热带水果产业整体向稳定、高质量发展。
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| 关 键 词： | 热带水果 种植结构 时空变化 驱动因素 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-06-14 |
Temporal and Spatial Variation of Tropical Fruit Planting Structure in Hainan Island |
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| YE Lu,LI Yuping,LIANG Weihong,LIU Yanqun,QIN Xiaoli,DENG Chunmei,JIN Yan.Temporal and Spatial Variation of Tropical Fruit Planting Structure in Hainan Island[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,2022,43(12):2586-2596. |
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| Authors: | YE Lu LI Yuping LIANG Weihong LIU Yanqun QIN Xiaoli DENG Chunmei JIN Yan |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Scientific and Technical Information, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Practical Research on Tropical Crops Information Technology in Hainan, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China2. School of Cyberspace Security, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China |
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| Abstract: | As tropical fruit industry is the pillar industry for peasants in Hainan province to increase income, the analysis of the evolution course and driving factors of tropical fruit planting structure since the establishment of Hainan province is conducive to putting forward corresponding adjustment and optimization strategies and promoting the optimization and upgrading of tropical fruit industry in Hainan Island. In this paper, the methods of gravity center analysis, regression analysis and spatial analysis were used to study the structural type evolution, planting proportion trend, gravity center migration and driving factors of tropical fruit planting structure in Hainan Island and its inner cities and counties from 1988 to 2020. The area of tropical fruits in Hainan Island fluctuated and increased, mainly mango, banana, litchi, pineapple, citrus, orange and grapefruit, longan, etc.. In which, the moving distance of the gravity center of longan production was the largest, while the pineapple was the smallest. The total planting structure of tropical fruits in Hainan Island was composed of mango, banana, litchi and pineapple, and the proportion of single fruit, combination of two fruits and combination of three fruits was 48 : 0 : 52. The planting structure of tropical fruits in cities and counties was composed of banana, mango, litchi, pineapple, longan, citrus, orange and grapefruit. The proportion of single fruit, combination of two fruits and combination of three fruits was 78 : 9 : 13. The spatial aggregation characteristics of tropical fruit planting structure in all cities and counties were obvious, and experienced the process of aggregation, dispersion and re-aggregation. Most cities and counties formed a stable dominant planting structure, and a few were still adjusting and exploring the dominant planting structure suitable for local. The regional aggregation characteristic which the change trends of main fruits planting proportion were the same became more obvious. The driving factors for the evolution of tropical fruit planting structure in Hainan Island mainly included the natural environment, policy support, social demand, market situation and Nongken reform. This paper concludes that to promote Hainan tropical fruit industry to stable, high quality development as a whole, it ought to follow the natural resource conditions, take the market demand as the guidance, comprehensively consider the economic and social development, ecological protection and other factors, regulate the industrial scale reasonably, and promote the formation of local advantages and characteristics of fruit planting structure on the basis of fully understanding of the evolution of local fruit planting structure and its driving factors. |
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| Keywords: | tropical fruit planting structure temporal and spatial variation driving factors |
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