| 不同降水条件下北方日光温室填闲季糯玉米对土壤残留氮风险阻控研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 卢树昌,姜春光.不同降水条件下北方日光温室填闲季糯玉米对土壤残留氮风险阻控研究[J].华北农学报,2012,27(2):189-195. |
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| 作者姓名： | 卢树昌 姜春光 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 天津农学院农学系,天津,300384
2. 北京市农业环境监测站环境保护科,北京,100029 |
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| 基金项目： | 天津市应用基础及前沿技术研究计划项目，国家自然科学基金，天津市农业科技成果转化与推广项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 我国北方设施蔬菜生产中存在着不合理灌溉施肥的现象,严重影响着设施农业的可持续发展。本试验在种植季节外填闲期间,以休闲田地为对照,采用填闲作物种植和溴深层示踪技术研究了夏季填闲作物对土壤提氮作用。试验结果表明:夏季种植填闲作物可显著降低根区土壤中无机氮素的含量,尤其是土壤表层的无机氮含量。休闲处理,土壤(0～180 cm)各层的无机氮含量均有增加。但在干旱条件处理下种植填闲作物后,土壤(0～120 cm)各层的无机氮含量均出现下降。夏季降雨量是造成土壤氮素淋洗的主要因素,且土壤中无机氮含量越高,氮素淋洗量越大。种植填闲作物可以有效地吸收土壤中氮养分,在模拟干旱年份和正常年份降雨量的处理中,种植糯玉米从土壤中吸收氮量分别为172.6,146.6 kg/hm2。溴标记试验进一步证明了填闲作物的提氮能力,下层土壤中溴均出现向上运移的现象。本研究证实了种植填闲作物糯玉米具有有效利用菜田土壤残留氮与阻控氮淋洗风险的作用,为北方日光温室典型种植模式氮素优化管理提供了科学参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 填闲 糯玉米 硝酸盐淋洗 日光温室 |
Study on Reducing for Planting Summer Catchcrop-Waxy Corn Soil Residual Nitrogen Risk under Different Rainfall in the Northern Greenhouse |
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| LU Shu-chang
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JIANG Chun-guang.Study on Reducing for Planting Summer Catchcrop-Waxy Corn Soil Residual Nitrogen Risk under Different Rainfall in the Northern Greenhouse[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica,2012,27(2):189-195. |
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| Authors: | LU Shu-chang JIANG Chun-guang |
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| Institution: | 1.Department of Agronomy,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China;2.Department of Environment Protection,Beijing Agricultural Environment Monitoring Station,Beijing 100029,China) |
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| Abstract: | Excessive fertilizer and irrigation input was common in greenhouse vegetable cropping system in North China,which seriously affected the sustainable development of protected vegetable production.In fallow season,there were two treatments in the experiment:control(with no crop) and planting catch crop.Bromine-marked tracing was used to the waxy corn roots sampling,to further verify the role of cultivating the catch crop in reducing nitrogen loss.The main results showed that under the experimental conditions,the cultivation of catch crops could significantly reduce the soil Nmin content,especially in the surface soil Nmin content.Under simulated drought conditions treatment,with catch crops planted at the harvest ending,a decrease of Nmin content could be found in 0-120 cm soil layers.In the follow treatment with all layers from 0 to 180cm,soil Nmin content all increased,this meaned that in the period of trail soil nitrogen had mineralization in different degree.Through different rainfall simulations,showed that a large amount of rainfall in summer was a key factor of soil nitrogen leaching,and soil Nmin content of the higher volume of higher nitrogen leaching.Catch crops could effectively absorb the nutrients in the soil,to simulate rainfall of drought year treatment nitrogen removed by waxy corn was 172.6 kg/hm2,and then the rainfall of the year treatment waxy corn could taken away nitrogen reached 146.6 kg/hm2.Bromine-marked trail had turnout the capacity of catch crops for nitrogen,in this trail the bromide in lower soil layer all have upward migration.This research confirmed that planting catchcrop-waxy corn was advantageous to use soil residual nitrogen and reduce nitrogen leaching risk,which provided scientific references for optimizing nitrogen management in typical planting model of northern greenhouse. |
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| Keywords: | Catch Waxy corn Nitrogen leaching Greenhouse |
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