Physiological traits and cereal germplasm for sustainable agricultural systems |
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| Authors: | R A Richards M Watt G J Rebetzke |
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| Institution: | (1) CSIRO Plant Industry, G.P.O. Box 1600, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Plant breeding is not a discipline that readily comes to mind when agricultural sustainability is being considered. Sustainability
is normally associated with farming practices such as stubble retention, direct-drilling, or amelioration practices such as
contour farming or liming, or rotation practices for nutrient management and disease control. The contribution of plant breeding
will be in providing germplasm for these changed practices and devising new methods of selection. This paper reviews opportunities
where plant breeding can contribute to improvements in sustainable farming practices. The emphasis is on rainfed cropping
systems and cereal improvement. The main contribution for breeding is to (i) increase crop water and nutrient use so that
less escapes from the root profile; and (ii) preserve the soil resource with conservation farming systems by developing cultivars
specifically adapted to changed farming systems and competitive cultivars that reduce herbicide use. To achieve these outcomes
identification of desirable traits, suitable selection methods and development of appropriate germplasm are discussed. |
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| Keywords: | Sustainable cropping Wheat Root growth Water use Vigour Rhizosphere |
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