| 我国茶园中耕管理机械研究现状与发展分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 王文明,宋志禹,赵映,夏先飞,占才学.我国茶园中耕管理机械研究现状与发展分析[J].中国农机化学报,2021(1). |
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| 作者姓名： | 王文明 宋志禹 赵映 夏先飞 占才学 |
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| 作者单位： | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0200901);现代农业茶产业技术体系(CARS-23);中国农业科学院创新工程项目(果蔬茶类收获机械创新团队)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 中国是茶叶大国,其茶园种植面积居世界首位。中耕管理是茶园生产的重要环节,及时的对茶园进行中耕管理对保障和提高茶叶的品质及产量具有重要意义。文章介绍和分析了我国茶园中耕管理技术研究现状、特点及存在的问题,总结了茶园中耕管理各环节关键技术及主要设备。重点阐述了茶园除草机、茶园松土机、茶园施肥机等关键设备研究现状与发展动态,归纳国内外具有代表性的机型和技术。在此基础上总结归纳了现阶段我国茶园中耕管理机械研究存在的主要问题有农机农艺结合较少、缺乏高产高效机械化作业技术规章及国家政策支持、关键部件作业可靠性低和整机智能化程度不高等,最后结合国家政策、技术现状、企业需求指出了我国茶园中耕管理机械未来的发展建议:以政府为主导,完善相关扶持补贴政策;优化中耕管理机关键部件设计,提高机器自动化、智能化作业水平,推进现代化茶园中耕管理新技术与装备的应用。
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| 关 键 词： | 茶园 中耕机 除草 振动减阻 螺旋开沟 精准施肥 |
Research status and development analysis of cultivation management machinery for tea garden |
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| Wang Wenming,Song Zhiyu,Zhao Ying,Xia Xianfei,Zhan Caixue.Research status and development analysis of cultivation management machinery for tea garden[J].Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2021(1). |
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| Authors: | Wang Wenming Song Zhiyu Zhao Ying Xia Xianfei Zhan Caixue |
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| Institution: | (Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing,210014,China) |
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| Abstract: | China is a major tea country,and its tea plantation area ranks first in the world.Cultivation management is an important part of tea garden production,timely management of tea cultivation in the garden is of great significance for ensuring and improving the quality and yield of tea.The article introduces and analyzes the research status,characteristics and existing problems of tea cultivation management technology in my country,and summarizes the key technologies and main equipments of tea cultivation management.It focuses on the research status and development trends of key equipment such as tea garden weeders,tea garden ripper,and tea garden fertilizer spreaders.It summarizes representative models and technologies at home and abroad.On this basis,it summarized the main problems in the current research of China s tea garden cultivating management machinery,including less combination of agricultural machinery and agronomy,lack of technical regulations and national policy support for high-yield and efficient mechanized operations,low reliability of key components,and the degree of intelligence of the whole machine.Not high-level,and finally,combined with national policies,technical status,and enterprise needs,pointed out the future development recommendations of China s tea garden cultivating management machinery:to be led by the government,improve relevant support and subsidy policies;optimize the design of key components of cultivating management machines,and improve machine automation and intelligence.Operational level,promote the application of new technology and equipment for cultivation management in modern tea gardens. |
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| Keywords: | tea garden cultivator weeding vibration drag reduction spiral trenching precise fertilization |
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