| 基于?ngstr?m-Prescott公式的中国太阳辐射与日照时间的关系研究 |
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| 作者单位： | ;1.中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所;2.中国农业科学院农业水资源高效安全利用重点开放实验室;3.东北农业大学水利与土木工程学院 |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】揭示中国不同地区太阳辐射与日照时间的定量关系,为缺资料地区太阳辐射的准确估算提供科学依据。【方法】基于114个地面辐射观测站和常规气象观测站1958—2016年的实测数据,在时间和空间上分别评价?ngstr?m-Prescott(?-P)公式的适用性,运用ArcGIS地统计分析工具探索?-P公式系数a、b的空间分布规律,采用空间分析工具获取了各省级行政区的系数a、b。【结果】?-P公式在时间上具有可靠的预测性能,各站点计算值与观测值的标准化均方根误差(NRMSE)和标准化平均绝对误差(NMAE)的均值分别为0.103和0.079;在空间上有良好的扩展性,各站点NRMSE和NMAE的均值分别为0.103和0.078;从全国范围来看,系数a介于0.117～0.345之间,其变化规律为由东南沿海向西北内陆逐渐增大;系数b介于0.345～0.703之间,变化规律与系数a相反。利用各省级行政区系数a、b计算的各站点月平均日太阳辐射量与实测值进行对比,NRMSE和NMAE均值分别为0.105和0.081。【结论】?-P公式能够比较准确地描述中国不同地区月平均日太阳辐射量与月平均日照时间的定量关系,可通过空间插值的方法获取缺资料地区的公式系数,采用各省级行政区系数a、b估算的月平均日太阳辐射量具有较高精度。
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| 关 键 词： | 太阳辐射 日照时间 ?ngstr?m-Prescott公式 空间插值 |
Using the ?ngstr?m-Prescott Formula to Calculate Solar Radiation from Sunshine Duration in China |
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| Institution: | ,Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of High-efficient and Safe Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】Duration of sunshine is much easier to measure than solar radiation, and their quantitative relationship is thus useful for regions lacking of solar radiation measurements. This paper aims to examine the feasibility of using the ?ngstr?m-Prescott(?-P) formula to estimate solar radiation.【Method】Sunshine duration and solar radiation measured in 1958 to 2016 across 114 sites in China were used to evaluate the ?-P formula.Spatial distribution of the coefficient a and b in the ?-P formula across the country was studied using geographic information system.【Result】Comparison with measurements revealed that for a specific site, the ?-P formula was reliable, giving rise to a normalized root mean square error(NRMSE) of 0.103 and a normalized mean absolute error(NMAE) of 0.079. The formula was also spatially scalable, with NRMSE and NMAE being 0.103 and0.078 respectively. Across the country, the coefficient a and b varied in the range of 0.117～0.345 and 0.345～0.703 respectively, with the coefficient a increasing from southeast to northeast while b varying in the opposite direction. The average NRMSE and NMAE of the calculated monthly average daily solar radiation were 0.105 and0.081, respectively, at provincial scales.【Conclusion】The ?-P formula accurately describes the relationship between monthly-average solar radiation and sunshine duration in China. For region without metrological data, one can use interpolation to fill the gap. To ensure accuracy, the coefficients a and b in the formula should be spatial dependent, taking values estimated at provincial scale. |
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| Keywords: | solar radiation sunshine duration ?ngstr?m-Prescott formula spatial interpolation |
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