| 水氮耦合对北疆地区春小麦光合特性及产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 李彦君,庄丽,徐红军,周萍,穆培源.水氮耦合对北疆地区春小麦光合特性及产量的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2013,50(2):204. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李彦君 庄丽 徐红军 周萍 穆培源 |
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| 作者单位： | 石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子,832000;新疆农垦科学院作物所,新疆石河子,832000 |
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| 基金项目： | 新疆生产建设兵团博士基金"新疆滴灌小麦超高产产量形成机理研究"，兵团重大产学研合作科技专项"小麦绿色生产关键技术研究与示范"，中科院科技支新工程项目"抗逆、优质、高产春小麦新品种示范与推广" |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]在滴灌条件下,研究不同的滴灌定额和施氮量对北疆地区春小麦生理生态及产量的影响,为北疆地区春小麦节水高产提供一定的理论依据.方法]对水氮耦合条件下春小麦的净光合速率(Pn)、胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、拔节总茎数、抽穗数以及产量指标的相关研究来筛选最佳的灌水施氮模式.结果]在春小麦的整个生育期,以灌水量500m3/667 m2,施氮量30 m3/667 m2(M3N1)处理的春小麦的Pn、Ci、Gs、Tr及拔节总茎数和抽穗数都显著高于其他处理(P＜0.05).以灌水量400 m3/667m2,施氮量50 m3/667 m2(M2N3)处理的春小麦其千粒重、单株穗粒重和产量均达到显著差异(P＜0.05),千粒重和单株穗粒重分别为43.04和1.672 g,从节约水资源而言,以灌水量300m3/667 m2,施氮量30 m3/667m2(M1N1)、灌水量300 m3/667 m2,施氮量40 m3/667 m2(M1N2)和灌水量300 m3/667 m2,施氮量50 m3/667m2(M1N3)处理的小麦灌溉水分生产率最高,分别为2.166、2.257和2.255 kg/m3,但产量大大降低,相反,以灌水量400 m3/667 m2,施氮量50 m3/667 m2(M2N3)处理的小麦水分生产率为1.935 kg/m3,产量却高达8709.1 kg/hm2.结论]在滴灌条件下,建议以灌水量400 m3/667 m2,施氮量50 m3/667 m2 (M2N3)处理为最佳.既提高了小麦产量,又节约了水资源.
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| 关 键 词： | 滴灌 春小麦 光合特性 水分生产率 产量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2013-02-25 |
Effects of Water-nitrogen Coupling on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Spring Wheat in Northern Xinjiang |
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| LI Yan-jun
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ZHUANG Li
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XU Hong-jun
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ZHOU Ping
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MU Pei-yuan.Effects of Water-nitrogen Coupling on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Spring Wheat in Northern Xinjiang[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,2013,50(2):204. |
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| Authors: | LI Yan-jun ZHUANG Li XU Hong-jun ZHOU Ping MU Pei-yuan |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】Effects of water - nitrogen coupling on the eco - physiological and yield of spring wheat were studied in Northern Xinjiang under the drip irrigational conditions.【Method】Spring wheat under water and nitrogen coupling conditions,the net photosynthetic rate(Pn),intercellular CO_2 concentration (Ci),stomatal conductance(Gs),transpiration rate(Tr),the total number of jointing stems,number of tillers and output indicators were used to screen out the best irrigation nitrogen application mode.【Result】The results showed that during the whole growth period of spring wheat,the net photosyntheticrate(Pn),CO_2 concentration in cell clearance(Ci),stomata conductance(Gs),Ts,ear number and total stem number of M_3N_1 treatment were significandy higher than those of other treatments(P <0.05).The thousand seed weight, number of grains per spike,water productivity and yield of M_2N_3 treatment are significantly higher than those of other treatments(P <0.05).The thousand seed weight was 43.04 g and number of grains per spike was 1.672 g.From the aspect of saving water resource,M_1N_1,M_1N_2 and M_2N_3 treatments had the highest water productivity,but they led to reduction in yield.The water productivity and yield of M_2N_3 treatment were 1.935 and 8 709.1 kg/hm~2.【Conclusion】We suggest using M_2N_3 treatment in order to improve the wheat yield and save water resource. |
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| Keywords: | drip irrigation spring wheat photosynthetic characteristics water productivity yield |
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