| 畜禽舍末端废气净化可调孔隙率填料结构设计与试验 |
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| 引用本文： | 王昱,孙超,谭文超,易振峰,姚兴智,谢锦鹏,曾志雄,曾山.畜禽舍末端废气净化可调孔隙率填料结构设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2023,39(19):195-202. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王昱 孙超 谭文超 易振峰 姚兴智 谢锦鹏 曾志雄 曾山 |
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| 作者单位： | 华南农业大学工程学院, 广州 510642;华南农业大学南方农业机械与装备关键技术教育部重点实验室, 广州 510642 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（32372002）；2022年广东省农业农村厅智慧农场技术与装备集成应用模式与数字化展示项目；广东省乡村振兴战略专项资金专项（2023TS-3） |
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| 摘 要： | 集约型畜禽舍末端废气净化广泛采用酸洗喷淋的化学方法去除氨气和固体颗粒物。填料作为酸洗液与废气的反应场所，是影响废气净化效果的关键因素。针对畜禽养殖舍通风管理对废气净化系统净化效率及其产生的压降需求差异，该研究基于点阵结构优化方法，通过优化单胞构型研制了孔隙率可调的填料结构，并结合数值仿真和试验，分析了填料结构的孔隙率、压降和比表面积的变化规律及其对氨气和固体颗粒物（PM2.5和PM10）净化效果的影响。研究结果表明：当填料结构孔隙率从98.7%降低至91.1%时，压降从2.7 Pa增至35.2 Pa，氨气净化效率从77.4%升高至92.6%，PM2.5和PM10的净化效率分别从69.2%和87.2%升高至90.1%和97.7%。相较于现有净化系统广泛应用的填料（孔隙率90%，压降30 Pa，氨气净化效率85%，悬浮颗粒物净化效率40%～45%），本研究设计的填料结构孔隙率可根据养殖舍通风系统的压降负荷要求在91.1%～98.7%区间内进行调节，且能够满足除氨效率83%～90%、颗粒物净化效率不低于50%的畜禽舍废气净化效率需求，为实现填料孔隙率自动调控提供了理论基础和设计参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 填料 孔隙率 结构优化 废气净化 畜禽舍 |
| 收稿时间： | 2023/3/15 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2023/7/12 0:00:00 |
Structural optimization of the packing material with adjustable porosity for exhaust gas purification at the end of livestock and poultry house |
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| WANG Yu,SUN Chao,TAN Wenchao,YI Zhenfeng,YAO Xingzhi,XIE Jinpeng,ZENG Zhixiong,ZENG Shan.Structural optimization of the packing material with adjustable porosity for exhaust gas purification at the end of livestock and poultry house[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2023,39(19):195-202. |
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| Authors: | WANG Yu SUN Chao TAN Wenchao YI Zhenfeng YAO Xingzhi XIE Jinpeng ZENG Zhixiong ZENG Shan |
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| Institution: | College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;Key Laboratory of Key Technology of Agricultural Machinery and Equipment, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China |
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| Abstract: | Acid spraying has been widely applied to remove ammonia and particle matter in the exhaust gas purification at the end of intensive livestock and poultry houses. Package material can be expected to serve as the reaction site between acid solution and exhaust gas. The performance of package material can also dominate the effectiveness of exhaust gas purification in practical engineering applications. Particularly, the installation of an exhaust gas purification system is ever-increasing as the resistance of the ventilation system. The pressure drop generated by the packing material can determine whether the exhaust gas purification system can be configured. Since the porosity of packing material is often fixed, it is difficult to adjust for the different livestock and poultry houses. This study aims to fully meet the requirements of pressure drop and purification efficiency of the exhaust gas purification system in the ventilation management of livestock and poultry houses. A new structure was developed for the package material with adjustable porosity. The configuration of the base cell was also optimized in the package material, according to the lattice structure. A lattice structure was also designed with zero Poisson''s ratio using a two-dimensional lattice cell optimization model, according to the topology optimization theory. The Parametric Level-set-based topology optimization was used to construct the optimization model. The optimized structure was then obtained under a randomly selected initial configuration using the iterative solution, indicating the zero Poisson''s ratio. The parameterized configuration was constructed to maintain the optimized structural topology using homogeneous bars. A two-dimensional lattice was constructed to form a three-dimensional one using the periodic arrangement of the two-dimensional parameterized configuration. A systematic analysis was implemented to determine the change in porosity, pressure drop and specific surface area of the package material using numerical simulation and experiments. The test results show that the porosity of the packing material was adjusted within the range of 91.1% to 98.7% when the vertical load was changed from a tensile load of 200 N to a compressive load of -200 N. Meanwhile, the pressure drop generated by the packing material decreased from 38.0 to 4.9 Pa with the increase of porosity, while the specific surface area decreased from 16.1 to 3.9 m2/m3. Therefore, the tunable porosity was achieved in the designed lattice structure with zero Poisson''s ratio under the tension and compression load in a single direction to deform. The constant size was also maintained to ensure no leakage of exhaust gas in the adjustment process. Moreover, a series of tests were carried out to clarify the influence of porosity adjustment on the purification efficiency of ammonia and particle matters PM2.5 and PM10. The test results show that the pressure drop increased from 2.7 to 35.2 Pa, while the ammonia purification efficiency increased from 77.4% to 92.6%, and the purification efficiency of PM2.5, and PM10 increased from 69.2%, and 87.2% to 90.1%, and 97.7%, respectively, when the porosity of the packaging material decreased from 98.7% to 91.1%. The pressure drop of 30 Pa was produced for the ammonia purification efficiency of 85%, and particle purification efficiency of 40% to 45%, compared with the widely-used packing material with fixed porosity of 90% in existing purification systems. The designed package material with zero Poisson''s ratio can be expected for an appropriate porosity, according to the pressure drop load requirements of the ventilation system of the breeding house, and the purification efficiency fully met the requirements of ammonia removal efficiency of 83% to 90%, and particle purification efficiency should not be less than 50% for the purification of livestock and poultry house exhaust gas. In conclusion, the structure of package material can meet the porosity requirements using the pressure drop and exhaust gas purification efficiency of livestock and poultry houses. The finding can provide a theoretical basis and design reference for the automatic regulation of the porosity of package material. |
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| Keywords: | packing material porosity structural optimization exhaust gas purification livestock and poultry house |
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