Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Associated With Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Detectable Antibodies in Equids in Alabama |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL;2. Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL;1. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, México;2. Department of Animal Science, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria;1. Department of Pathology and Veterinary Clinic, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Vital Brazil Filho Street, 64 – Icaraí, Niterói, RJ, Zip Code: 24230-340, Brazil;2. Program of Post Graduate in Veterinary Medicine (Clinical and Animal Reproduction), Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Vital Brazil Filho Street, 64 – Icaraí, Niterói, RJ, Zip Code: 24230-340, Brazil;3. Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Eugênio do nascimento Street, 610 – Dom Bosco, Zip Code: 36038-330, Juiz de Fora City, MG State, Brazil;1. Istituto di Fisica Applicata “Nello Carrara” CNR, via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy;2. Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto n. 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy;1. Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan;2. Collaborative Chairs Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai City, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan;3. General Internal Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan;4. AMR Clinical Reference Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan;1. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601 X5806JRA, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina;2. Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Agronomía y Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601 X5806JRA, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina;3. Instituto Académico Pedagógico de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional de Villa María, Av. Arturo Jauretche 1555 (5900), Villa María, Córdoba, Argentina;4. Member of Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CIC-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina;1. School of Energy and Environment, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, 014010 Baotou, China;2. Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy, MOE, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China;3. School of Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510640 Guangzhou, China |
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| Abstract: | A cross-sectional serological survey was carried out to screen the equine population of the nonendemic state of Alabama for the presence of detectable antibody titers against Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. A second objective was to determine the association of detectable titers with risk factors such as exposure to ruminants or previous travel to endemic states. A total of 342 equine serum samples from 40 Alabama counties were analyzed using the synergistic hemolysis inhibition test (SHI). The prevalence of detectable antibody titers (≥1:8) was 52.5% (95% confidence interval CI], 47%–57.9%). Titers ≥1:128 were detected in 2.63% (95% CI, 1.2%–4.9%), and titers ≥1:512 were detected in 0.3% (95% CI, 0%–1.6%) of the sampled population. In the final generalized linear model, age (P < .001), breed (P = .023), and contact with cattle (P = .05) were associated with increasing SHI titers. Contact with goats was associated in the initial but not in the final analysis (P = .19). Previous travel was not associated with increasing SHI titer (P = .97). The results demonstrated a high prevalence of low detectable titers and low prevalence of titers ≥ 1:128 in a nonendemic population. Further evaluation of SHI cutoff titers and accuracy is warranted to reduce the risk of a false positive diagnosis. |
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| Keywords: | Alabama Equine Pigeon fever Synergistic hemolysis inhibition Serology |
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