| 113种植物的乙醇提取物对反枝苋和马唐种子萌发及生长的抑制活性 |
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| 引用本文： | 李晶晶,田赐,王明思,刘禄威,李沐阳,马树杰,张利辉,董金皋.113种植物的乙醇提取物对反枝苋和马唐种子萌发及生长的抑制活性[J].中国生物防治学报,2022,38(2):374-382. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李晶晶 田赐 王明思 刘禄威 李沐阳 马树杰 张利辉 董金皋 |
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| 作者单位： | 河北农业大学植物保护学院，保定 071001 |
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| 基金项目： | 河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(QN2021079);河北省省属高等学校基本科研业务费研究项目(KY202015) |
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| 摘 要： | 筛选和评价植物资源的除草活性可为新型植物源除草剂的研发提供候选材料和理论依据。本研究用种子萌发法和平皿法，评价了56科113种植物提取物对反枝苋和马唐种子萌发和生长的抑制活性。结果表明，在125 mg DW/mL的供试浓度下，大黄、牡丹皮、大叶三升麻、木香、佩兰、楸树、安息香树、泡桐、短叶罗汉松和杜衡提取物对马唐种子萌发和生长的抑制作用最为明显；牡丹皮、佩兰、木香、鹿藿和短叶罗汉松提取物对反枝苋种子萌发和生长的抑制活性最为明显。毒力测定表明，楸树、木香、杜衡、泡桐、佩兰、安息香树和大叶三升麻提取物对马唐幼根的抑制中浓度（IC50）分别为39.30、5.93、13.93、28.69、8.72、19.19和15.19 mg DW/mL；对马唐幼芽的IC50分别为48.22、8.13、15.28、42.12、22.39、7.78、23.43和12.92 mg DW/mL。木香、牡丹皮、短叶罗汉松、鹿藿、佩兰和紫背浮萍对反枝苋幼根的IC50分别为2.46、2.85、2.59、1.03、2.24和2.79 mg DW/mL；对反枝苋幼芽的IC50分别为7.05、31.21、24.17、4.52和32.72 mg DW/mL。可见，牡丹皮、佩兰、木香、鹿藿和短叶罗汉松5种植物提取物的除草活性较好，具有进一步研究的价值。
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| 关 键 词： | 植物提取物 除草活性 反枝苋 马唐 植物源农药 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-01-12 |
Inhibition Effects of Extracts from 113 Plant Species on the Germination and Growth of Amaranthus retroflexus and Digitaria sanguinlis |
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| LI Jingjing,TIAN Ci,WANG Mingsi,LIU Luwei,LI Muyang,MA Shujie,ZHANG Lihui,DONG Jingao.Inhibition Effects of Extracts from 113 Plant Species on the Germination and Growth of Amaranthus retroflexus and Digitaria sanguinlis[J].Chinese Journal of Biological Control,2022,38(2):374-382. |
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| Authors: | LI Jingjing TIAN Ci WANG Mingsi LIU Luwei LI Muyang MA Shujie ZHANG Lihui DONG Jingao |
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| Institution: | College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China |
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| Abstract: | The screening and evaluation of herbicidal activities can provide candidate materials and theoretical basis for the development of new plant-derived herbicides. In this study, seed germination and plate methods were used to evaluate the inhibitory activities of 113 plants extracts against Digitaria sanguinalis and Amaranthus retroflexus. At the test dose of 125 mg DW/mL, extracts of Rheum palmatum, Paeonia suffruticosa, Cimicifuga heracleifolia, Rodix aucklandiae, Eupatorium fortunei, Quercus dentata, Styrax benzoin, Paulownia fortunei, Podocarpus macrophylla, and Asarum forbesii showed excellent inhibitory effect against D. sanguinalis, while extracts of P. suffruticosa, E. fortunei, R. aucklandiae, R. volubilis, and P. macrophylla had effective inhibitory against A. retroflexus. The toxicity test showed that Q. dentata, R. aucklandiae, A. forbesii, P. fortunei, E. fortunei, S. benzoin and C. heracleifolia strongly inhibited root growth of D. sanguinalis with the inhibitory medium concentrations (IC50) of 39.30, 5.93, 13.93, 28.69, 8.72, 19.19, and 15.19 mg DW/mL, respectively, and inhibited the stem growth with the IC50of 48.22, 8.13, 15.28, 42.12, 22.39, 7.78, 23.43, and 12.92 mg DW/mL, respectively. Extracts of R. aucklandiae, P. suffruticosa, P. macrophylla, R. volubilis, E. fortunei, and Spirodela polyrhiza showed strong inhibition of root growth in A. retroflexus with the IC50 values of 2.46, 2.85, 2.59, 1.03, 2.24, and 2.79 mg DW/mL, respectively, and of stem growth with the IC50of 7.05, 31.21, 24.17, 4.52, and 32.72 mg DW/mL, respectively. Thus, extracts of P. suffruticosa, E. fortunei, R. aucklandiae, R. volubilis, and P. macrophylla have efficient herbicidal activities and should be further studied. |
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| Keywords: | plant extract herbicidal activity Amaranthus retroflexus Digitaria sanguinalis botanical pesticide |
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