| 奶牛牧场养殖环境中产ESBL耐药菌的流行特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 左扬,李田,胡秀花,宋志强,孙城涛,吴聪明,王少林.奶牛牧场养殖环境中产ESBL耐药菌的流行特征[J].畜牧兽医学报,2022,53(11):4027-4034. |
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| 作者姓名： | 左扬 李田 胡秀花 宋志强 孙城涛 吴聪明 王少林 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国农业大学动物医学院, 北京 100193;2. 内蒙古伊利实业集团股份有限公司, 呼和浩特 010080 |
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| 基金项目： | 宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目（2021BBF02036）；奶牛乳腺炎病原学研究及新型疫苗研制项目（ZR2019ZD21）；国家现代农业产业技术体系资助（CARS36） |
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| 摘 要： | 本研究旨在探索奶牛养殖环境中产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（extended-spectrum beta-lactamases，ESBL）耐药菌的流行特征。2020-2021年，采集6个内蒙古和宁夏牧场共160份牛奶、乳区皮肤拭子和环境来源的多种类型样本，分别进行了β-内酰胺酶检测、产ESBL耐药菌的分离鉴定、药敏试验以及菌株的全基因组测序。结果显示：24份奶样的检测结果显示，各牧场β-内酰胺酶阳性率为75%~100%。其中，5个牧场的153份样本共分离出6种产ESBL耐药菌，这些产ESBL耐药菌对阿莫西林（100%）、头孢噻肟（91.0%）和头孢他啶（78.2%）均具有较高耐药率；全基因组显示，14株产ESBL大肠杆菌携带多种耐药基因，以blaCTX-M（100%）携带率最高。通过对内酰胺酶阳性奶样进行分析，发现造成牧场奶样β-内酰胺酶阳性的主要菌株是产ESBL鲍曼不动杆菌，并且该耐药菌携带有blaCTX-M、blaTEM、blaOXA型β-内酰胺类耐药基因。本研究明确了内蒙古和宁夏牧场养殖环境中产ESBL耐药菌的流行特征，并对造成内蒙古1个牧场牛奶内酰胺酶阳性原因进行了追溯研究。
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| 关 键 词： | 产ESBL耐药菌 牧场养殖环境 奶牛乳房炎 流行特征 β-内酰胺酶 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-04-11 |
Epidemiological Characteristics of ESBL-Producing Resistant Bacteria in Dairy Farming Environment |
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| ZUO Yang,LI Tian,HU Xiuhua,SONG Zhiqiang,SUN Chengtao,WU Congming,WANG Shaolin.Epidemiological Characteristics of ESBL-Producing Resistant Bacteria in Dairy Farming Environment[J].Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica,2022,53(11):4027-4034. |
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| Authors: | ZUO Yang LI Tian HU Xiuhua SONG Zhiqiang SUN Chengtao WU Congming WANG Shaolin |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;2. Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co. LTD, Huhhot 010080, China |
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| Abstract: | The purpose of this study was to explore the epidemiological characteristics of ESBL-producing resistant bacteria in the dairy farming environments. A total of 160 samples were collected from 6 farms in Inner Mongolia and Ningxia from 2020 to 2021, including milk, milk area skin swabs and environmental sources. β-lactamase rapid test strip, with the isolation and identification, drug sensitivity, and genome sequencing of ESBL-producing resistant bacteria, were conducted respectively. The positive rate of β-lactamase in all farms was 75%-100% in 24 milk samples. A total of 6 ESBL-producing resistant strains were isolated from 153 samples in 5 farms, and these ESBL-producing resistant strains had high resistance rates to amoxicillin (100%), cefotaxime (91.0%) and ceftazidime (78.2%). And 14 ESBL-producing Escherichia coli strains sequenced were found to carry multiple drug resistance gene types, with blaCTX-M (100%) carrying rate being the highest. At the same time, the sixth special farm with "long-term positive lactamase test" was found that ESBL-producing Acinetobacter baumannii was the main strain of β-lactamase positive in the milk of the farm, and the resistant strain carried blaCTX-M, blaTEM and blaOXA β-lactamase resistance genes. This study identified the epidemiological characteristics of ESBL-producing resistant bacteria in farm environments in Inner Mongolia and Ningxia, and the causes of lactamase positivity in the milk of one farm in Inner Mongolia were successfully traced back. |
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| Keywords: | ESBL-producing resistant bacteria dairy farming environment bovine mastitis epidemiological characteristics β-lactamase |
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