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| 不同地表覆盖方式油菜花后干物质积累与分配规律研究 | |
| 引用本文： | 赵东霞,牛俊义,闫志利,张东昱,张艳明,俞兴芳.不同地表覆盖方式油菜花后干物质积累与分配规律研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2012,30(3):31-36. |
| 作者姓名： | 赵东霞 牛俊义 闫志利 张东昱 张艳明 俞兴芳 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州,730070 2. 河北科技师范学院,河北秦皇岛,066004 3. 甘肃省张掖市经济作物技术推广站,甘肃张掖,735000 |
| 基金项目： | 中央财政支持农业技术推广项目 |
| 摘 要： | 为探索春油菜在西北沿山旱作区的最佳地表覆盖栽培方式,采用田间试验法,以常规露地平播为对照,研究了双垄面全膜覆盖沟播、全地面覆盖平播、膜侧沟播、半地面覆盖平播、麦秸覆盖平播等5种地表覆盖方式下春油菜的干物质积累及分配规律。结果表明,不同地表覆盖栽培方式对油菜植株各器官的干物质分配比率产生不同程度的影响,双垄面全膜覆盖沟播和全地面覆盖平播栽培方式与对照差异最大;各种地膜覆盖栽培方式均有利于油菜单株干物质积累,但不同覆膜方式效果不同。双垄面全膜覆盖沟播和全地面覆盖平播栽培方式油菜单株干物重、单位面积产量最高,秸秆覆盖未能显著提高油菜的单株产量及单位面积产量;油菜单位面积产量同油菜单株干物重呈现正相关关系,并获得最优线性回归方程;采用地膜覆盖栽培技术能有效地加快油菜植株茎秆、叶片同化物向角果的转移速度,提高油菜地上部干物质积累量和单位面积产量。其中,双垄面全膜覆盖沟播和全地面覆盖平播栽培方式比常规露地栽培增产达到30%以上,应在生产上大面积推广应用。 |
| 关 键 词： | 油菜 地表覆盖 干物质积累 分配 规律 |
Study on principle of dry matter accumulation and distribution in rape under different field mulching and planting patterns |
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| ZHAO Dongxi,NIU Junyi,YAN ZhiIi,ZHANG Dongli,ZHANG Yanming,YU Xingfang.Study on principle of dry matter accumulation and distribution in rape under different field mulching and planting patterns[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2012,30(3):31-36. | |
| Authors: | ZHAO Dongxi NIU Junyi YAN ZhiIi ZHANG Dongli ZHANG Yanming YU Xingfang |
| Institution: | 1(1.College of Agronomy,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China;2.Hebei Normal University of Science &Technology,Qinhuangdao,Hebei 066004,China;3.Zhangye Cash Crop Technique Popularization Station,Zhangye,Gansu 735000,China) |
| Abstract: | A pot experiment was conducted to study mulching and planting techniques suitable to local climatic conditions in the spring rape field of dry mountainous areas of western China. The effects of five field mulching and planting patterns including full plastic-film mulching on double ridge and planting in catchment furrows(QL), full plastic-film mulching and parallel sowing(QF), film mulching on ridge and planting in film side(MC), half plastic-film mulching and parallel sowing(BM) and wheat straw mulching and parallel sowing(MF)on dry matter accumulation and distribu-tion were compared with no mulching and flat planting(CK). The result indicated that the impact of different field mulching and planting patterns on dry matter distribution ratio of rape organs varied, and QL and QF were most signifi-cant in comparison with CK. All mulching modes were helpful for dry matter accumulation, but the effects of different mulching modes also varied. The growth rate of per plant dry weight and yield of rape under QL and QF were the high-est, but not significantly under MF. Per plant dry weight and yield presented a positive correlation, and the optimum linear regression equations was built. Plastic-film mulching effectively promoted the transfer of photosynthate from stems and leaves to pods, and increased above ground dry matter accumulation and yield.Compared with CK,QL and QF in-creased the yield by over 30%, which should be widespreadly popularized in produetion. |
| Keywords: | rape field mulching dry matter accumulation distribution principle |
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