| 船载投饵装置平衡抖料系统设计与试验 |
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| 引用本文： | 胡庆松,郑波,曹佳瑞,陈雷雷,李俊,RAHMAN Hafiz Abd ur.船载投饵装置平衡抖料系统设计与试验[J].上海海洋大学学报,2020,29(6):928-937. |
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| 作者姓名： | 胡庆松 郑波 曹佳瑞 陈雷雷 李俊 RAHMAN Hafiz Abd ur |
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| 作者单位： | 上海海洋大学工程学院,上海201306;上海海洋大学工程学院,上海201306;上海海洋大学工程学院,上海201306;上海海洋大学工程学院,上海201306;上海海洋大学工程学院,上海201306;上海海洋大学工程学院,上海201306 |
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| 基金项目： | 上海市科技兴农推广项目(沪农科推字(2018)第3-3号)、国家自然科学(51309150) |
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| 摘 要： | 针对船载虾塘投饵装置直接搭载传统投饵机导致破碎率高、下料过程中船体重心偏移大影响螺旋桨吃水深度等问题，设计了一种船载专用投饵装置平衡抖料系统。该系统利用电机带动偏心轮转动产生周期变化的高低差，通过多个支撑架复合式作用使饵料箱体整体平衡抖动，保障均匀下料的同时降低饵料破碎率；采用系统固定支点位置可调的整体抖动下料方式，实现较长距离无损饵料输送，解决了投喂过程船体因重心位置变化大导致尾部驱动部分吃水线变化幅度过大的问题，使得螺旋桨驱动效能更加稳定。通过抖料系统机构数学模型，获得了振动系统最优偏心量；采用力矩平衡方程进行了抖料装置支架最佳点位置分析；开展了电机能耗测试以及转动支架与料箱坡角设计。计算分析得：当偏心量为1.2mm，支点位置（-40，0）时，以额定转速2600r/min直流电机作振动源电机，实际工作功率低于80W，下料速率接近均值1.63kg/min。现场试验表明：与料箱置于尾部相比，船体驱动部分满载和空载吃水变化由10.2cm减小为7.3cm；该投饵装置正常工作速度平均1.03m/s，下料均匀，破碎率低。该系统适应于现场环境，生产和维护成本低，结构简单可靠，便于推广应用，具有较高的实用价值。
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| 关 键 词： | 虾塘养殖 船载投饵 螺旋桨吃水深度 破碎率 平衡式整体抖动 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/8/24 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019/10/17 0:00:00 |
Design and test of balanced shaking system for boat-borne bait feeding device |
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| HU Qingsong,ZHENG Bo,CAO Jiarui,CHEN Leilei,LI Jun,RAHMAN Hafiz Abd ur.Design and test of balanced shaking system for boat-borne bait feeding device[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2020,29(6):928-937. |
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| Authors: | HU Qingsong ZHENG Bo CAO Jiarui CHEN Leilei LI Jun RAHMAN Hafiz Abd ur |
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| Institution: | Shanghai Ocean University,College of Engineering Science and Technology,Shanghai Ocean University,College of Engineering Science and Technology,Shanghai Ocean University,College of Engineering Science and Technology,Shanghai Ocean University,College of Engineering Science and Technology,Shanghai Ocean University,College of Engineering Science and Technology,Shanghai Ocean University |
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| Abstract: | In order to solve the problems of high crushing rate caused by carrying traditional feeding machine directly in the boat-borne shrimp pond bait device and the deviation of hull center of gravity greatly affects the draught depth of propeller in the process of feeding, a balanced shaking system of special feeding device is designed. The system makes use of the motor to drive the eccentric wheel to rotate to produce the difference of the cycle change, and makes the feed box jitter as a whole through the compound action of several support frames, so as to ensure the uniform feeding and reduce the breaking rate of the feed at the same time. The whole jitter feeding mode with adjustable fixed fulcrum position of the system is adopted to realize the long distance lossless feed transportation, which solves the problem that the tail driving part of the hull changes too much waterline due to the change of the center of gravity position, and makes the driving efficiency of the propeller more stable. Through the mathematical model of the shaking system, the optimal eccentricity of the vibration system is obtained. The optimal point position analysis of the squeezing device bracket is carried out by using the torque balance equation. The motor energy consumption test and the design of the rotating bracket and the box slope are carried out. The calculation and analysis show that when the eccentricity is 1.2mm and the fulcrum position is (-40, 0), the DC motor is used as the vibration source motor with the rated speed of 2600r/min. The actual working power is lower than 80W, and the feeding rate is close to the average value of 1.63kg/min. The field test shows that compared with the bait tank at the rear part of the boat, the variation of full load and no load draught in the driving part is reduced from 10.2cm to 7.3cm, and the average working speed of the feeding device is 1.03m/s, the feeding is uniform and the crushing rate is low. The system is suitable for field environment, low cost of production and maintenance, simple and reliable structure, easy to popularize and apply, and has high practical value. |
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| Keywords: | Shrimp pond breeding boat-borne baiting propeller draft depth center of gravity stability crushing rate balanced overall shake |
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