| 棉花二倍体合成异源四倍体新种的研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 张伯静,李炳林.棉花二倍体合成异源四倍体新种的研究[J].山西农业大学学报(自然科学版),1986(2). |
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| 作者姓名： | 张伯静 李炳林 |
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| 作者单位： | 山西农业大学农学系，山西农业大学农学系 |
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| 摘 要： | 各国棉花育种工作都在开展野生二倍体棉种的利用问题。试验用二倍体亚洲棉G。arboreum 2n(2x)=26,染色体组A_2,与野生比克氏棉G. bickii, 2n(2x)=26,染色体组G杂交,获得异源二倍体杂种。因二者亲缘关系最远,杂种高度不育。对A_2×GF_1PMC减数分裂观察,M_2染色体大都不配对,二价体变幅1—6对,并出现三价体,染色体构型为1.64Ⅰ+4.0Ⅱ+0.4Ⅲ。平均交叉频率为1.07个。由于四分体发育不正常,形成畸形败育花粉,导致杂种F_1高度不育。对A_2×G F_1进行染色体加倍,合成异源四倍体,观察F_2PMC减数分裂时,染色体数为52条。MI,大都配对,交叉频率为1.83,大多数为环状二价体。染色体构型为:2.75Ⅰ+24.5Ⅱ+0.25Ⅲ。其中完全配对成26个二价体的细胞数占30％。后期Ⅰ,染色体平均分配,两级各有26条,形成正常的四分体,花粉生活力达89％杂种植株育性恢复,每株结铃平均为33个,每铃种子平均9.1粒,为人工合成异源四倍体新种质
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| 关 键 词： | 棉花 同源二倍体 杂交 染色体加倍 异源四倍体 |
STUDY ON A NEW ALLOTETRAPLOID SYNTHESIS OF COTTON |
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| Zhang Bojing Li Binglin.STUDY ON A NEW ALLOTETRAPLOID SYNTHESIS OF COTTON[J].Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University,1986(2). |
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| Authors: | Zhang Bojing Li Binglin |
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| Institution: | Zhang Bojing Li Binglin |
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| Abstract: | Cotton breeding has been worked for ultiling wild diploid cotton in most ountriesc. Crossing wild G. bickii (2n(2x)=26, chro mosome set G) with G. arboreum (2n(2x)=26, chromosome set A2), we obtained or allogentic diploid hybrid. Because their blood relationship is the farthest, the hybrid is highly sterility. The reduction division PMC observation of F, (A_2×G) showed: most of chromosomes is not pair at MI. Bivalent range is 1-6pairs, and appear trivalent, chromosome configuration is i6.4Ⅰ+4.0Ⅱ+0.4Ⅲ, average of chiasmata frequence is i. 07. Because the tetrads are abnormal to form abrerrant and abortive pollens, it results in sterility of the hybrid F_1 Doubled chromosomes of F_1(A_2×G) synthesised a allotetraploid cotton. Observating of F_2, the number of chromosomes is 52, most chromosomes are cycle bivalents. Chromosome configuration is 2.75Ⅰ+24.5Ⅱ+0.25Ⅲ. The cell number of complete pairing 26 brivalent are 30％. The distribution of chro mosomes is 26 pairs in each pole at anaphase and form normal tetrads, which vigour of the pollen is up to 89％. The plant of hybrid is restored to fertility. Average of balls are 33 per plant, and have 9.1 seeds per boll. It is a new germ plasm of synthetic allotetraploid of cotton. |
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| Keywords: | eotton autodiploid cross hybrid sterility chromomosome doubling allotetraqloid fertility restorer germplasm |
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