Distinct properties of the XY pseudoautosomal region crucial for male meiosis |
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| Authors: | Kauppi Liisa Barchi Marco Baudat Frédéric Romanienko Peter J Keeney Scott Jasin Maria |
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| Institution: | Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. |
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| Abstract: | Meiosis requires that each chromosome find its homologous partner and undergo at least one crossover. X-Y chromosome segregation hinges on efficient crossing-over in a very small region of homology, the pseudoautosomal region (PAR). We find that mouse PAR DNA occupies unusually long chromosome axes, potentially as shorter chromatin loops, predicted to promote double-strand break (DSB) formation. Most PARs show delayed appearance of RAD51/DMC1 foci, which mark DSB ends, and all PARs undergo delayed DSB-mediated homologous pairing. Analysis of Spo11β isoform-specific transgenic mice revealed that late RAD51/DMC1 foci in the PAR are genetically distinct from both early PAR foci and global foci and that late PAR foci promote efficient X-Y pairing, recombination, and male fertility. Our findings uncover specific mechanisms that surmount the unique challenges of X-Y recombination. |
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