| 施用石灰与生物炭对酸性土壤花生氮素吸收及产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 索炎炎,张翔,司贤宗,李亮,程培军,余辉,刘娟.施用石灰与生物炭对酸性土壤花生氮素吸收及产量的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2023,45(1):148. |
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| 作者姓名： | 索炎炎 张翔 司贤宗 李亮 程培军 余辉 刘娟 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所，河南 郑州，4500022.正阳县花生研究所，河南 正阳，4636003.河南省农业科学院经济作物研究所，河南 郑州，450002 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-13);河南省农科院自主创新项目(2021ZC29);河南省现代农业花生产业技术体系(HARS-22-05-G2);河南省科技攻关项目(212102110260) |
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| 摘 要： | 为明确石灰与生物炭对酸化土壤改良及花生氮营养的作用效果，通过田间小区试验，研究了石灰、生物炭单施与配施对酸化土壤性质、花生氮素吸收利用及生长发育的影响。结果表明，与CK相比，单施石灰显著提高了土壤pH值、有机质、碱解氮和交换性钙含量，花生植株氮吸收量和收获指数显著增加13.1%和4.6%，花生生物量和产量显著提高11.7%和16.1%；单施生物炭显著增加了土壤pH值、有机质、碱解氮含量和土壤碳氮比，但对花生氮吸收量、生物量和产量无显著影响；表明酸性土壤明显抑制了花生生长，单施石灰促进花生生长及氮高效利用效果优于生物炭。石灰与生物炭配施后，土壤pH值、有机质、碱解氮、交换性钙含量及碳氮比更协调，花生植株氮吸收量、氮利用率、生物量和产量均得到进一步提高。所有处理中，4500 kg/hm2生物炭配施450 kg/hm2石灰处理的花生植株氮吸收量、氮收获指数、氮利用率、生物量及产量最高，分别比CK增加30.7%、8.7%、5.7%、27.6%和35.8%。因此，4500 kg/hm2石灰和450 kg/hm2生物炭配施是酸性土壤改良、氮素高效及花生高产栽培的有效手段。
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| 关 键 词： | 花生 石灰 生物炭 砂姜黑土 氮素 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-01-17 |
Effects of lime and biochar applicationon nitrogen uptake and yield of peanut in acid soil |
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| Yan-yan SUO,Xiang ZHANG,Xian-zong SI,Liang LI,Pei-jun CHENG,Hui YU,Juan LIU.Effects of lime and biochar applicationon nitrogen uptake and yield of peanut in acid soil[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,2023,45(1):148. |
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| Authors: | Yan-yan SUO Xiang ZHANG Xian-zong SI Liang LI Pei-jun CHENG Hui YU Juan LIU |
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| Institution: | 1.Institute of Plant Nutrient, Resources and Environment, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China2.Institute of Peanut of Zhengyang County, Zhengyang 463600, China3.Industrial Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China |
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| Abstract: | To clarify the regulating effects of lime and biochar application on acid soil improvement and nitrogen (N) nutrition of peanut, field experiment was conducted to study the effects of lime and biochar application on properties of acidified soil, N uptake and utilization, growth and development of peanut. Results showed that, sole lime application could significantly increase soil pH, organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzable N and exchangeable Ca content, which made N uptake and harvest index significantly increase by 13.1% and 4.6%, and make peanut biomass and yield significantly increase by 11.7% and 16.1%, respectively. Sole biochar application could increase pH, alkali-hydrolyzable N content, soil organic matter content and soil C/N ratio, but had no significant effect on N uptake, biomass and yield of peanut. These results suggested that acid soil significantly inhibited peanut growth, and sole lime application had better effect on peanut growth and N utilization than that of biochar application. The more harmonious soil pH, organic matter, soil alkali-hydrolyzable N, exchangeable Ca content and C/N ratio, the higher N uptake and N use efficiency, biomass and yield of peanut after lime incorporated with biochar application. Among all treatments, 4500 kg/hm2 biochar rate incorporated with 450 kg/hm2 lime rate had the highest N uptake, N harvest index, N use efficiency, biomass and yield, which increased by 30.7%, 8.7% and 5.7%, 27.6% and 35.8%, respectively. Therefore, 4500 kg/hm2 biochar rate incorporated with 450 kg/hm2 lime rate could be effective means for acid soil improvement, with higher N efficiency and higher yield cultivation of peanut. |
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| Keywords: | peanut lime biochar lime concretion black soil nitrogen |
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