| 黄瓜枯萎病菌拮抗菌的筛选、鉴定和防效测定 |
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| 引用本文： | 兰成忠,甘林,代玉立,刘晓菲,杨秀娟,蒋军喜.黄瓜枯萎病菌拮抗菌的筛选、鉴定和防效测定[J].中国生物防治学报,2023,39(1):184-193. |
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| 作者姓名： | 兰成忠 甘林 代玉立 刘晓菲 杨秀娟 蒋军喜 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 福建省作物有害生物绿色防控工程中心/福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 福州 350013;2. 江西农业大学农学院, 南昌 330045 |
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| 基金项目： | 福建省公益院所科研专项（2022R1024008）；福建省农业科学院科技创新平台专项（CXPT202105）；福建省人民政府-中国农业科学院农业高质量发展超越“中国农业科学协同创新工程”（XTCXGC2021011） |
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| 摘 要： | 为获得对黄瓜枯萎病菌Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumerinum（FOC）具有拮抗作用的生防菌株，采用稀释涂布平板和平板生长对峙法从健康黄瓜根际土壤中分离、筛选对FOC具有强拮抗能力的拮抗细菌，并从形态学观察、生理生化特性、全细胞脂肪酸分析及16S rRNA和gyrB基因序列相似性对拮抗能力最强的菌株进行鉴定，同时测定拮抗菌无菌过滤发酵液对FOC菌丝生长、孢子萌发的抑制作用，并评价其发酵液对盆栽和大田黄瓜枯萎病的防治效果。研究结果显示，从健康黄瓜根际土壤中分离获得23株对FOC具有拮抗作用的细菌，其中菌株FJ17-4对FOC抑菌作用最强，鉴定为贝莱斯芽胞杆菌Bacillus velezensis。FJ17-4抑制FOC引起菌丝畸形、扭曲、膨胀、皱缩、缠绕等异常现象。10%无菌过滤液对FOC菌丝生长和孢子萌发的抑制率分别为70.96%和85.40%。50倍发酵液、菌体悬浮液和无菌过滤液盆栽防治效果分别为70.20%、58.87%和47.80%，大田防治效果分别为69.53%、58.46%和36.12%。综上，FJ17-4能有效抑制FOC，对黄瓜枯萎病具有显著的生防效果，具有广泛的应用前景。
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| 关 键 词： | 黄瓜枯萎病 尖孢镰刀菌黄瓜专化型拮抗菌 生物防治 贝莱斯芽胞杆菌 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-03-10 |
Screening,Identification and Biocontrol Effect of Antagonistic Strain against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum |
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| LAN Chengzhong,GAN Lin,DAI Yuli,LIU Xiaofei,YANG Xiujuan,JIANG Junxi.Screening,Identification and Biocontrol Effect of Antagonistic Strain against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum[J].Chinese Journal of Biological Control,2023,39(1):184-193. |
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| Authors: | LAN Chengzhong GAN Lin DAI Yuli LIU Xiaofei YANG Xiujuan JIANG Junxi |
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| Institution: | 1. Fujian Engineering Research Center for Green Pest Management/Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China;2. College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to obtain biocontrol strains with high antagonistic activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (FOC), antagonistic bacterial strains against FOC were isolated and screened from healthy cucumber plants rhizosphere soils by soil dilution plating and plate confrontation growth methods. The strain with the strongest antagonistic ability was identified based on morphological characteristics, physiological and biochemical indexes, whole cell fatty acids in combination with 16S rRNA and gyrB gene sequence homology analysis. Meanwhile, the inhibitory effects of antagonistic strain cell-free fermentation filtrate on mycelial growth and spore germination of FOC were determined, and the control effects of fermentation liquid on cucumber Fusarium wilt in greenhouse potted and field experiments were further evaluated. The results showed that 23 strains of bacteria with inhibitory activity against FOC were primarily screened out, and one strain FJ17-4 which exhibited the strongest inhibition capability was identified as Bacillus velezensis. FJ17-4 could seriously disrupt FOC mycelium growth and caused abnormal phenomena such as mycelial deformity, distortion, swelling, shrinkage and curling. The inhibition rates of 10% cell-free fermentation filtrate of FJ17-4 on mycelial growth and spore germination were 70.96% and 85.40%, respectively. In addition, the control effects of 50 fold fermentation liquid, living bacterial cell suspension and sterile filtrate FJ17-4 of strain on cucumber Fusarium wilt were 70.20%, 58.87% and 47.80% in potted experiment, and 69.53%, 58.46% and 36.12% in field trials, respectively. In summary, FJ17-4 could effectively inhibit FOC and exhibited significantly biological control effect on cucumber Fusarium wilt, and had broad application prospects. |
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| Keywords: | cucumber Fusarium wilt Fusarium oxysporum f sp cucumerinum biocontrol Bacillus velezensis |
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