| 假木豆属种质资源植物学性状遗传多样性分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 袁秉琛,王燕茹,孙郁婷,李承臻,虞道耿.假木豆属种质资源植物学性状遗传多样性分析[J].热带作物学报,2023,44(1):64-74. |
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| 作者姓名： | 袁秉琛 王燕茹 孙郁婷 李承臻 虞道耿 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.海南大学热带作物学院，海南海口 5702282.海南大学林学院，海南海口 5702283.中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所，海南海口 571101 |
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| 基金项目： | 海南省农业农村厅物种资源保护项目“海南饲用豆科植物资源保护”(琼财农[2020]829号) |
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| 摘 要： | 假木豆（Dendrolobium triangulare）为多年生灌木，假木豆叶量大、产量高，营养价值高，是优良的高蛋白青饲料。目前仅有山蚂蝗亚族之间的遗传多样性研究，假木豆属的形态学遗传多样性的分析研究比较匮乏，缺少大范围的种质形态学遗传多样性研究。对优质育种资源植物学性状综合评价是育种的前提。为了培育优质豆科牧草品种，满足南方畜牧生产需求，本研究采用随机区组设计，研究材料为76份假木豆属种质资源，对35个植物学性状进行观测，分析假木豆属的遗传多样性特点，为假木豆选育工作提供基础材料。通过形态学观测分析研究其遗传多样性，结果表明：35个植物学性状中叶背面毛况（CV=46.92%），茎的颜色（CV=39.77%）和叶柄毛况（CV=39.52%）变异系数（CV）最大，说明假木豆属遗传多样性较为丰富；多个植物学性状之间存在相关性，叶长与叶宽（r=0.887）之间存在极显著正相关，长宽比在2.0左右，叶形比较接近椭圆形。茎的形状与叶长（r=–0.459）、叶宽（r=–0.491）存在相关性，这表明如果假木豆产量以叶面积为主，应尽量选择圆柱形的茎。中央小叶叶形与荚果长（r=0.360）存在极显...
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| 关 键 词： | 假木豆 植物学性状 遗传多样性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-04-24 |
Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Desmodium Desv. Based on Botanical Characters |
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| YUAN Bingchen,WANG Yanru,SUN Yuting,LI Chengzhen,YU Daogeng.Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Desmodium Desv. Based on Botanical Characters[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,2023,44(1):64-74. |
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| Authors: | YUAN Bingchen WANG Yanru SUN Yuting LI Chengzhen YU Daogeng |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China2. College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China3. Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to meet the demand for high-quality leguminous forage varieties in southern livestock production, comprehensive evaluation of the botanical characters of high-quality breeding resources is the premise of breeding. Dendrolobium triangulare is a perennial shrub with large leaves, high yield and high nutritional value. It is an excellent high-protein green feed. At present, there are only studies on the genetic diversity among the subgroups of the locust, and the analysis and research on the morphological genetic diversity of the genus Desmodium Desv. are relatively scarce, and there is a lack of research on the morphological genetic diversity of germplasm in a large range. In this experiment, a random block design was adopted, and the research materials were 76 germplasm resources of the genus Desmodium Desv. 35 botanical traits were observed, and the genetic diversity characteristics of Desmodium Desv spp. were analyzed for future breeding work of Desmodium Desv. Provide basic materials. The genetic diversity was studied by morphological observational analysis. The 35 botanical traits, the hair condition on the back of the leaf (CV=46.92%), the color of the stem (CV=39.77%) and the condition of the petiole hair (CV=39.52%) had the largest coefficients of variation, indicating that the false D. triangulare.was rich in genetic diversity. There were correlations among several botanical characters, there was a very significant positive correlation between leaf length and leaf width (r=0.887), the aspect ratio was about 2.0, and the leaf shape was close to ellipse. There was a correlation between the shape of the stem and the length of the leaf (r=-0.459) and the width of the leaf (r=-0.491), indicating that if the yield of pseudo pigeon is mainly based on the leaf area, the cylindrical stem should be selected as much as possible. There was a very significant correlation between the leaf shape of the central leaflet and the length of the pod (r=0.360), so the selection of obovate leaves during breeding could improve the seed yield. There was a very significant correlation between the hair condition on the back of the leaf, the hair condition on the petiole (r=0.462) and the hair condition on the pod (r=0.589), indicating that the hair coat condition of the same plant has a high correlation, and the resources with less hair coat on the whole plant can be screened. Through cluster analysis and systematic evaluation, four germplasm resources were screened out (D. triangulare 070314022, D. triangulare GX121121004, D. triangulare 050218087, D. triangulare 050307492), and the germplasm resources had the characteristics of high yield and high quality. This experiment explored the characteristics of genetic diversity of botanical traits among the species of D. triangulare, which could provide basic materials for subsequent breeding work. |
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| Keywords: | Desmodium Desv botanical characters genetic diversity |
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