| 耕作深度对红壤坡耕地季节性干旱期土壤水分变化特征的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 黄尚书,钟义军,何绍浪,黄欠如,成艳红,张昆,吴艳,叶川.耕作深度对红壤坡耕地季节性干旱期土壤水分变化特征的影响[J].土壤通报,2023,54(1):39-45. |
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| 作者姓名： | 黄尚书 钟义军 何绍浪 黄欠如 成艳红 张昆 吴艳 叶川 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.江西农业大学国土资源与环境学院，江西 南昌 330045 |
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| 基金项目： | 江西省重点研发计划项目（20181BBF68009）和公益性行业（农业）科研专项经费项目（201503119）资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 明确耕作深度对红壤坡耕地季节性干旱期土壤水分变化特征的影响。 方法 依托2015年设置的红壤坡耕地耕作深度试验，选择免耕（NT）、耕翻10 cm（P10）、耕翻20 cm（P20）和耕翻30 cm（P30）共4个处理，研究了耕作深度对红壤坡耕地季节性干旱期土壤水分变化特征的影响。 结果 强降雨后红壤坡耕地0 ~ 60 cm土层对雨水的接蓄能力在P30处理达到了最大值，P20处理次之，P10、NT处理相对较差。耕作深度对0 ~ 30 cm土层雨水接蓄能力有显著影响（ P < 0.05），而对30 ~ 60 cm土层雨水接蓄能力无显著影响（P > 0.05）。多因素方差分析表明，耕作深度对季节性干旱期红壤坡耕地0 ~ 60 cm土层土壤水分含量产生了极显著影响（P < 0.01），耕作深度、土层深度和持续天数三个因素的交互作用对季节干旱期0 ~ 60 cm土层土壤水分含量也产生了极显著影响（P < 0.01）。从0 ~ 60 cm土壤储水量变化来看，P30处理造成季节性干旱期耕层和亚耕层土壤水分消耗过快，而NT和P10处理增加了季节性干旱期亚耕层土壤水分的消耗，P20处理土壤储水量变化最小，比其它处理低2.26% ~ 11.79%。 结论 耕翻20 cm有利于雨水接蓄且季节性干旱期水分消耗最少，最有利于红壤坡耕地季节性干旱期0 ~ 60 cm土层土壤水分含量的稳定，研究结果为红壤坡耕地季节性干旱期土壤水分调控耕作技术提供了一定的理论依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 季节性干旱 耕作深度 红壤坡耕地 土壤水分 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-07-26 |
Effects of Tillage Depth on Characteristics of Soil Moisture in Red Soil Sloping Farmland under Seasonal Drought |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Land Resources and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China2.Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil, Nanchang 330046, China3.College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China4.Jiangxi Sericulture and Tea Research Institute, Nanchang 330043, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective The effect of tillage depth on soil moisture characteristics of red soil in sloping farmland is clarified in seasonal drought period. Method The tillage depth experiment of red soil was conducted in 2015, including four treatments: no tillage (NT), ploughing 10 cm (P10), ploughing 20 cm (P20) and ploughing 30 cm (P30), and the effects of tillage depth on characteristics of soil moisture of red soil in sloping farmland under seasonal drought were studied. Result After heavy rain, the 0-60 cm soil layer of red soil had the best rainwater storage capacity in P30 treatment, followed by P20 treatment, while P10 and NT treatments were relatively poor, and the tillage depth had a significant effect on the rainwater storage capacity of 0-30 cm soil layer (P < 0.05), but had no significant effect on the rainwater storage capacity of 30-60 cm soil layer (P > 0.05). Multivariate analysis of variance showed that tillage depth had an extremely significant effect on soil water content in 0-60 cm soil layer in red soil under seasonal drought period (P < 0.01), and the interaction between tillage depth and other influencing factors (such as soil depth and observation duration) also had an extremely significant effect on soil water content (P < 0.01). P30 treatment led to rapid soil water consumption in plough layer and sub topsoil, which was not conducive to the stability of soil water content. Shallow ploughing and no tillage increased the consumption of soil water in the sub topsoil, the change of soil water storage of P20 treatment was the smallest, which was 2.26%-11.79% lower than that of other treatments. Conclusion Ploughing 20 cm is conducive to rainwater storage, and the water consumption is the least under seasonal drought period, which is most conducive to the stability of soil water content in 0-60 cm soil layer under seasonal drought period. The research results provide a certain theoretical basis for soil water regulation in red soil sloping farmland during seasonal drought period. |
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