| 奶牛临床型乳房炎的细菌分离鉴定与耐药性分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 王旭荣,李宏胜,李建喜,王小辉,孟嘉仁,杨峰,杨志强.奶牛临床型乳房炎的细菌分离鉴定与耐药性分析[J].中国畜牧兽医,2012,39(7):195-198. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王旭荣 李宏胜 李建喜 王小辉 孟嘉仁 杨峰 杨志强 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所,甘肃省中兽药工程技术研究中心, 中国农业科学院临床兽医学研究中心,农业部兽用药物创制重点实验室,甘肃兰州 730050 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家奶牛产业技术体系科学家岗位项目，948农业技术引进项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 2011年山西省多个奶牛场发生了较严重的乳房炎,对76份采集的奶样进行细菌分离鉴定并采用药敏纸片法检测主要分离菌的抗生素耐药情况。所分离细菌以革兰氏阳性菌为主,革兰氏阳性球菌和其他革兰氏阳性菌分别占60.67%和23.59%。分离出多种病原菌和机会致病菌,主要的病原菌有链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌等,检出率为2.24%~11.24%,其中无乳链球菌的检出率最高;机会致病菌有粪链球菌、微球菌、克雷伯菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌等,检出率为1.12%~11.24%,其中粪链球菌和微球菌的检出率较大,分别为11.24%和6.74%。药敏试验检测结果显示,在所选的15种药物中,主要分离菌均对丁胺卡那霉素、氟哌酸和恩诺沙星3种药物敏感;大肠杆菌、克雷伯菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌对青霉素类和β-内酰胺/β-内酰胺酶抑制剂类药物产生了极强的耐药性,耐药率均为100%;乳房链球菌对该类药物也产生不同程度的耐药,耐药率为20%~100%;对链霉素产生100%耐药的细菌有大肠杆菌、克雷伯菌、无乳链球菌、乳房链球菌、停乳链球菌等细菌;部分分离菌对卡那霉素、庆大霉素、链霉素、四环素、红霉素、先锋霉素Ⅴ、复方新诺明等药物产生不同程度耐药。被检奶牛场混合感染较为严重,应进一步加强环境卫生管理,临床治疗应合理有效用药。
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| 关 键 词： | 临床型乳房炎 细菌分离 耐药性 |
Isolation and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Pathogenic Bacteria from Cases of Clinical Mastitis in Shanxi Dairy Herds |
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| WANG Xu-rong
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LI Hong-sheng
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LI Jian-xi
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WANG Xiao-hui
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MENG Jia-ren
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YANG Feng
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YANG Zhi-qiang.Isolation and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Pathogenic Bacteria from Cases of Clinical Mastitis in Shanxi Dairy Herds[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2012,39(7):195-198. |
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| Authors: | WANG Xu-rong LI Hong-sheng LI Jian-xi WANG Xiao-hui MENG Jia-ren YANG Feng YANG Zhi-qiang |
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| Institution: | Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Discovery, Research Center of Clinical Veterinary Medicine of CAAS,Engineering & Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine of Gansu Province,Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of CAAS,Lanzhou 730050, China |
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| Abstract: | Several dairy farms discovered mastitis in Shanxi province in 2011. 76 milk samples isolation and identification of bacteria were presented. And Disc diffusion test (K-B method) was used to study the antimicrobial resistance of the main organisms. Results showed that most of isolated organisms were Gram-positive bacteria; Gram-positive cocci and other Gram-positive bacteria were 60.67% and 23.59%, respectively. And the detection rate of pathogens (Streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus and etc.) and opportunistic pathogen (Streptococcus faecalis, Micrococcus, Klebsiella spp and etc.) were 2.24% to 11.24% and 1.12% to 11.24%, respectively. Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus faecalis and micrococcus had high detection rate, 11.24%, 11.24% and 6.74%, respectively. Drug sensitivity test results showed that all isolated organisms were sensitive to amikacin, norfloxacin and enrofloxacin in 15 drugs. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp and coagulase negative Staphylococci had strong resistance to penicillins and β-Lactamaseinhibitors. The resistance rates were 100%. Streptococcus uberis also had resistance to the two kinds of drugs at different degree, 20% to 100%.The resistance rates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus uberis, and Streptococcus dysgalactiae etc to streptomycin were 100%. And some organisms had resistance to kanamycin, gentamicin, streptomycin, tetracycline, erythromycin, cephalosporin V, sulfamethoxazole compound etc at different degree. The milk samples had serious mixed infections. There is a need to strengthen environmental sanitation management. And the clinical medication should be reasonable and effective. |
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| Keywords: | clinical mastitis isolation antimicrobial susceptibility |
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