| 棉隆对辣椒疫霉病的防效及对土壤微生物群落的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 张超,卜东欣,张鑫,吴翠霞,王金信.棉隆对辣椒疫霉病的防效及对土壤微生物群落的影响[J].植物保护学报,2015,42(5):834-840. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张超 卜东欣 张鑫 吴翠霞 王金信 |
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| 作者单位： | 山东农业大学植物保护学院, 泰安 271018;山东农业大学植物保护学院, 泰安 271018;山东农业大学植物保护学院, 泰安 271018;山东省泰安市农业科学研究院, 泰安 271000;山东农业大学植物保护学院, 泰安 271018 |
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| 基金项目： | 山东省农业重大应用技术创新课题(2130106),国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003004) |
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| 摘 要： | 为明确不同剂量棉隆对辣椒疫霉的防效及对土壤微生物群落的影响,在温室大棚条件下采用密封熏蒸法测定了不同剂量(300、450、600和750 kg/hm2)棉隆土壤熏蒸对土壤疫霉病菌的抑制率及田间防效,并采用Biolog法研究了其对土壤微生物功能多样性的影响。结果表明,不同剂量棉隆在熏蒸后揭膜当天(0)、80、140 d对辣椒疫霉病菌的抑制率分别为86.84%~100%、75.26%~96.37%和73.24%~95.46%;且80、140 d时对辣椒疫霉病的防效分别为77.19%~96.49%和70.00%~93.33%;在棉隆熏蒸揭膜当天各剂量处理下微生物对碳源的利用(用平均每孔颜色变化率表示)以及微生物多样性指数中的丰富度指数、均匀度指数及Mc Intosh指数均显著低于对照,而Simpson指数显著高于对照,随着试验时间的延长,各剂量对其影响逐渐减小,但高剂量尤其是750kg/hm2处理在140 d时仍与对照差异显著。表明棉隆剂量越高对辣椒疫霉病的防效越显著,对微生物活性影响越大,高剂量处理能明显抑制土壤微生物的活性,降低土壤微生物的多样性。
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| 关 键 词： | 辣椒 棉隆 辣椒疫霉 土壤微生物功能多样性 |
| 收稿时间： | 8/6/2014 12:00:00 AM |
Effects of dazomet on Phytophthora capsici and microbial communities in the field trials |
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| Zhang Chao,Bu Dongxin,Zhang Xin,Wu Cuixia and Wang Jinxin.Effects of dazomet on Phytophthora capsici and microbial communities in the field trials[J].Acta Phytophylacica Sinica,2015,42(5):834-840. |
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| Authors: | Zhang Chao Bu Dongxin Zhang Xin Wu Cuixia and Wang Jinxin |
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| Institution: | College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong Province, China;College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong Province, China;College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong Province, China;Tai'an Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Shandong Province, Tai'an 271000, Shandong Province, China;College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong Province, China |
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| Abstract: | To ascertain the effects of dazomet on Phytophthora capsici and microbial communities, the inhibition rate and field efficacy of dazomet at different doses (300, 450, 600, and 750 kg/hm2) on P. capsici in the field trials were investigated with sealed fumigation method, and the effect on soil microbial functional diversity was tested by using Biolog method. The results showed that the inhibition rates of dazomet on P. capsici were 86.84%-100%, 75.26%-96.37% and 73.24%-95.46% at 0, 80th and 140th day, respectively; the control efficiency of dazomet to P. capsici were 77.19%-96.49% and 70.00%-93.33% at 80th and 140th day, respectively. The values of carbon source utilization by microorganisms (indicated by average well-color development) and richness index, evenness index, McIntosh index of soil microbial diversity were significantly lower than those of the control, and the value of Simpson index was significantly higher than that of the control at the day when the PE film was removed. As incubation time was prolonged, the influences of different doses decreased gradually compared to that of the control. However, there were significant differences between 750 kg/hm2 treatment and the control at 140th day. It indicated that dazomet had better control effects on P. capsici with increasing dose; the higher dose had remarkable effects on microbial activity. Dazomet at high dose could significantly inhibit the activity of soil microorganisms and reduce soil microbial diversity. |
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| Keywords: | pepper dazomet Phytophthora capsici soil microbial functional diversity |
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