| 西安市耕地土壤有效态微量元素的空间变异特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 孟 菁,孙喜军,吕 爽,王 安,王小荣,王 虎,蔡 苗.西安市耕地土壤有效态微量元素的空间变异特征[J].中国农学通报,2019,35(23):58-65. |
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| 作者姓名： | 孟 菁 孙喜军 吕 爽 王 安 王小荣 王 虎 蔡 苗 |
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| 作者单位： | 西安市农业技术推广中心 |
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| 基金项目： | 陕西省重点研发计划项目“秸秆资源在农田土壤的综合利用技术开发与示范”(2018ZDCXL-N-19-1)；西安市科技局设施农业新技术研究 项目“果蔬水肥一体化控肥节水技术研究”(NC1504)；环境保护治污减霾问题研究项目“西安市农田土壤环境质量评估”(2017145SF/WM036)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 摘 要：研究旨在阐明研究区耕地土壤有效态微量元素的空间分布规律，进而为优化施肥管理提供一定的理论依据。利用GIS与地统计学相结合的方法分析了西安市耕地土壤中的铁(Fe)、锰(Mn)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)4种微量元素有效态含量的空间变异和分布特征。结果表明：土壤有效Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn平均含量分别为9.84、12.95、1.82、2.61 mg/kg，较第二次土壤普查时有较大幅度提升；土壤有效Fe、Mn、Cu含量在空间上均属中等程度变异，土壤有效Zn属强度变异；土壤有效Fe、Cu、Zn拟合的最优半方差模型为球状模型，土壤有效Mn拟合的最优半方差模型为高斯模型，块金系数分析表明，有效Fe、Cu、Zn具有强烈的空间相关性，Mn具有中等程度的空间相关性；土壤有效Fe的空间分布大体呈现南北含量高而中北部较低，土壤有效Cu的含量大体呈现西高东低的趋势，土壤有效Mn和Zn的空间分布较为复杂。总体来看，研究区Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn有效态含量整体较为丰富，绝大多数耕地土壤有效Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn均处于中等以上水平，但仍然有一定比例的耕地中土壤微量元素较为缺乏，故在具体生产过程中需采用分区平衡施肥技术。
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| 关 键 词： | 张杂谷 张杂谷 影响因素 多元线性 偏关县 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-02-25 |
Spatial Variability of Soil Available Microelements of Cultivated Land in Xi’an |
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| Abstract: | To clarify the spatial distribution of soil available microelements of cultivated land in Xi’an and provide a basis for better fertilizer management, the spatial distribution characteristics of soil available iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) were studied by using the geostatistic method combined with GIS. The results showed that the average content of soil available Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn was 9.84, 12.95, 1.82 and 2.61 mg/kg, respectively. All these values were significantly higher than that in the second national soil survey. The contents of available Fe, Mn and Cu were moderately variable in space, however, Zn had strong variation. The optimal semi-variance model for the available Fe, Cu and Zn were spherical model and that for available Mn was Gaussian model. The analysis of the nugget coefficient showed that available Fe, Cu and Zn had strong spatial correlation, while Mn had a moderate spatial correlation. As to the spatial distribution, the contents of soil available Fe in the north and south of Xi’an were higher than that in other areas, the contents of available Cu in the west were higher than that in the east, and the spatial distribution of available Mn and Zn were
complicated. In general, the contents of soil available Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn in the study area are rich. The contents of soil available Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn in most cultivated land are above the medium level, but there is still a certain proportion of cultivated land lacking available microelements. Therefore, it is necessary to take the regionalized and balanced fertilization technology in agricultural production. |
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