| 东北地区玉米干旱业务指标体系及其适用性 |
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| 引用本文： | 马树庆.东北地区玉米干旱业务指标体系及其适用性[J].中国农学通报,2019,35(29):25-31. |
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| 作者姓名： | 马树庆 |
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| 作者单位： | 吉林省气象台 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家行业（气象）专项“农用天气预报关键技术研究”(GYHY200906021)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 为提升农业和气象部门玉米干旱监测、预测、评估和防御服务业务能力,归纳了7种适合于东北地区的玉米干旱指标,主要有滑动旬雨量、旬土壤湿度、旬雨量盈亏率、不同生长期土壤湿度、各发育阶段水分亏缺指数和玉米植株形态指标等,指出不同指标适用性特点,并在东北地区玉米干旱气候风险分区中应用；最后讨论构建和使用作物干旱指标应注意的问题,指出作物干旱指标应有鲜明的农业气象意义、机理清晰、时空尺度适宜、业务适用,切忌指标混淆和盲目的时、空平均。
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| 关 键 词： | 面源污染 面源污染 喀斯特区域 污染治理技术 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-05-22 |
Maize Drought in Northeast China: Meteorological Service Index System and Its Applicability |
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| Abstract: | In order to enhance the professional capacity of drought monitoring, prediction, assessment and prevention of agricultural and meteorological sectors in maize production, we summarized 7 kinds of maize drought indexes suitable for northeast China, including sliding precipitation, soil moisture in 10-day period, soil rainfall gain and loss rate in 10-day period, soil moisture in different growth periods, water deficit index at various development stages, and plant morphological indicators, and pointed out the applicability characteristics of different indexes and applied the indexes in the risk zoning of maize arid climate in northeast China. Finally, we discussed the problems that should be highlighted in the construction and use of maize drought indexes, indicated that crop drought index should have distinct agricultural meteorological significance, clear mechanism, suitable spatial and temporal scale, suitable business application, and the indexes confusion and blind spatial and temporal average should be avoided. |
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