| 蚯蚓粪肥对玉露香梨果实品质及土壤理化性状和酶活性的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘丽,郭宝贝,刘娟桃,牛慈琼,李全.蚯蚓粪肥对玉露香梨果实品质及土壤理化性状和酶活性的影响[J].中国农学通报,2019,35(20):38-43. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘丽 郭宝贝 刘娟桃 牛慈琼 李全 |
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| 作者单位： | 山西省农业科学院果树研究所 |
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| 基金项目： | 果树种质创制和利用山西省重点实验室科研资助项目“生物有机肥对梨树生长发育的影响研究”(G2015003)；山西省晋中市科技成果转化项目“富硒功能性果树种植专利技术的示范推广”(T171006) |
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| 摘 要： | 探讨施用蚯蚓粪肥配缓释肥对‘玉露香梨’果实品质及土壤综合肥力的影响，为‘玉露香梨’果园推广施用蚯蚓粪肥提供数据支撑。连续3年对‘玉露香梨’果园设置不施肥、施牛粪堆制肥和施蚯蚓粪肥配缓释肥3种施肥处理，对比不同处理的果实品质、土壤养分含量和酶活性的变化，并对果实品质和土壤综合肥力的相关性进行分析。结果表明，同施用牛粪堆制肥相比，梨园施用蚯蚓粪肥和缓释肥，果糖含量提高1.93%，维生素C提高10.90%，可溶性蛋白含量提高20.99%；土壤有机质提高19.59%，土壤酸性磷酸酶活性显著降低(6.087 μmol/g)，脲酶活性显著提高(1.249 mg/g)。土壤综合肥力与果实品质的相关性分析表明，果实中果糖、维生素C和可溶性蛋白含量与土壤中有机质、全氮、全磷、速效磷、速效钾、酸性磷酸酶活性和蔗糖酶活性呈显著正相关。‘玉露香梨’果园连续施用蚯蚓粪配施缓释肥4 kg/株，较施用牛粪堆肥组，提高了土壤的综合肥力，在显著提高土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、速效磷和速效钾含量，以及酸性磷酸酶活性和蔗糖酶活性的同时，亦提高了‘玉露香梨’的果糖、维生素C和可溶性蛋白含量，明显改善了‘玉露香梨’的果实品质。
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| 关 键 词： | 氯虫苯甲酰胺 氯虫苯甲酰胺 农产品 环境样品 残留动态 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-07-25 |
Effects of Vermicompost Fertilizer on Fruit Quality,Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Enzyme Activity of‘Yulu Xiang’Pear |
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| Abstract: | To provide the data support for the application of vermicompost fertilizer in ‘Yulu Xiang’ pear orchard, the effect of vermicompost and slow-release fertilizer on fruit quality and soil comprehensive fertility was explore. Three fertilization treatments including no fertilization(CK), application of cow manure compost(P1) and application of vermicompost and slow-release fertilizer(P2) were set up in ‘Yulu Xiang’ pear orchard in the past three years. The study compared the fruit quality, soil nutrient content and the change of enzyme activity among different treatments and analyzed the correlation between fruit quality and soil comprehensive fertility. The results showed that, compared to the P1, the fructose content of the P2 increased by 1.93%, vitamin C increased by 10.90%, and soluble protein content increased by 20.99%. Soil organic matter increased by 19.59%. The activity of soil acidic phosphatase was significantly decreased (6.087 μmol/g) and the activity of urease was significantly higher (1.249 mg/g). The correlation analysis of soil comprehensive fertility and fruit quality showed that the fruit of sugar, vitamin C, soluble protein content and soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, available potassium, acid phosphatase activity and invertase activity were significantly positively related. The continuous application of vermicompost and slow-release fertilizer (4 kg/plant) in the orchard of ‘Yulu Xiang’ pear improved the comprehensive fertility of soil compared to that of cow manure compost. In addition to significantly increase the content of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus and available potassium content, acid phosphatase activity and sucrose enzyme activity, it was also increase the fructose, vitamin C, and soluble protein content of ‘Yulu Xiang’ pear and it was obviously improved the fruit quality of ‘Yulu Xiang’ pear. |
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