Toxicity of intraperitoneally injected ivermectin in sea bream, Sparus aurata |
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| Authors: | P Katharios J Iliopoulou-Georgudaki K Kapata-Zoumbos S Spiropoulos |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Biology, Unit of Pollution and Ecotoxicology, University of Patras, Rio, 26500, Greece;(2) Department of Hematology, General Hospital `Agios Andreas', 26224 Patras, Greece |
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| Abstract: | Ivermectin has been widely used as a treatment against sea lice infections of farmed fish (salmonids and non-salmonids) without
any official license for use in aquaculture. This study presents data on the toxic side effects of ivermectin administered
intraperitoneally in sea bream, Sparus aurata at single doses of 100, 200, 400 and 800 μg ivermectin kg−1 fish. The toxicity of ivermectin was evaluated for a period of 35 days post treatment by determining changes in selected
hematological parameters (hematocrit, hemoglobin, red blood cell count, leucocyte count, differential white blood cell count,
plasma glucose, electrolytes, urea and alkaline phosphatase), pathological effects in the tissues and the organs of the fish
using histological techniques and changes in the behavior of the fish. The results showed a decrease of the hematocrit value
one hour after the injection for most of the doses along with an increase of the hemoglobin concentration, the number of the
white blood cells, the lymphocytes and monocytes and plasma glucose. No mortality or any histopathological alteration at the
tissues examined, were recorded. The fish, which were injected with the highest dose of ivermectin, experienced a loss of
appetite, lethargy and darkening of their color during the first week post injection. All the studied parameters reached the
normal level by the end of the experiment indicating a low and reversible toxicity of the drug.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
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| Keywords: | fish hematology ivermectin parasite sea bream |
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