| 黄淮麦区小麦成株期磷高效基因型的鉴定和筛选 |
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| 引用本文： | 袁园园,常芳,董贝,郭凯,曹晓慧,郑洪蕊.黄淮麦区小麦成株期磷高效基因型的鉴定和筛选[J].农业科学与技术,2017,18(2). |
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| 作者姓名： | 袁园园 常芳 董贝 郭凯 曹晓慧 郑洪蕊 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 济南市农业科学研究院,山东济南250316;山东农业大学,山东泰安271018;2. 济南市农产品质量检测中心,山东济南,250316;3. 济南市农业科学研究院,山东济南,250316;4. 济南市天桥区动物卫生监督所,山东济南,250000;5. 山东农业大学,山东泰安,271018 |
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| 基金项目： | 济南市农业科技创新项目，济南市科技计划项目(201401103).Supported by Jinan Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project，Jinan Science and Technology Planning Project |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]快速筛选磷高效基因型小麦品种.方法]以黄淮麦区112份小麦品种(系)为材料,设置正常磷和低磷2个磷处理,通过大田池栽试验,对小麦成株期19个与产量及磷效率相关性状进行分析,并以济麦22为对照,筛选磷效率和产量均表现优异的磷高效基因型.结果]与正常磷处理相比,低磷条件下,小麦的8个产量性状(单株穗数、千粒重、株高、穗长、可育小穗数、穗粒数、单株粒重和地上单株总重)和3个磷积累量性状(单株籽粒、单株秸秆和单株地上总磷积累量)均显著下降,而3个磷利用效率性状(籽粒、秸秆和地上总磷利用效率)均显著增加,说明低磷胁迫会使小麦成株期的产量和磷积累量大大降低,但明显提高磷利用效率;相关性分析发现,株高、可育小穗数和单株粒重与秸秆和地上单株含磷量和3个磷积累量性状均呈显著正相关,与2个磷利用效率性状呈显著负相关(P≤0.01),可以作为磷效率的初步快评指标.正常磷处理下筛选出17个磷高效基因型,其中旱选H28、2010品4891和周麦28的单株粒重比济麦22分别高出36.07％、31.96％和37.44％,地上总磷利用效率比济麦22分别高出49.34％、49.42％和33.05％;低磷处理下筛选出10份磷高效基因型,其中河农826的单株粒重和地上总磷利用效率分别比济麦22高出37.69％和20.42％;另外,旱选H23、旱选H28和徐麦856在正常磷和低磷处理下均被鉴定为磷高效基因型,可能具有较高的育种价值.f结论]该研究为培育磷高效品种提供了原始亲本材料.
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| 关 键 词： | 小麦 产量 氮效率 成株期 基因型 |
Identification and Selection of Wheat Genotypes with High Phosphorus Use Efficiency at Adult Stage in Huang-huai Wheat Area |
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| Yuanyuan YUAN,Fang CHANG,Bei DONG,Kai GUO,Xiaohui CAO,Hongrui ZHENG.Identification and Selection of Wheat Genotypes with High Phosphorus Use Efficiency at Adult Stage in Huang-huai Wheat Area[J].Agricultural Science ＆ Technology,2017,18(2). |
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| Authors: | Yuanyuan YUAN Fang CHANG Bei DONG Kai GUO Xiaohui CAO Hongrui ZHENG |
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| Abstract: | Objective] This study was conducted to select wheat varieties with high P use efficiency.Method] A field experiment was carried out with 112 wheat germplasm varieties as experiment materials under normal (NP) and low phosphorus (LP) conditions,and with Jimai 22 as control,genotypes with high P use efficiency and excellent yield traits were selected.Result] Compared with NP treatment,8 wheat yield-related traits,spike number per plant,thousand-grain weight plant height,spike length,fertile spikelet number per spike,grain number per spike,grain weight per plant and above-land weight per plant,and 3 P content traits,grain,straw and above-land P contents per plant decreased significantly under LP condition (P≤ 0.05),while 3 P utilization efficiency traits,grain,straw and aboveground P utilization efficiencies increased obviously,indicating that low P stress would greatly reduce yield and P content of wheat at adult stage,but would remarkably improve P utilization efficiency.Correlation analysis showed that plant height,fertile spikelet number per spike and grain weight per plant and straw and above-land P concentrations were in significant positive correlation with 3 P content traits,grain,straw and above-land P contents per plant,and in significant negative correlation with 2 P utilization efficiency traits,straw and above-land P utilization efficiencies (P≤0.01),and could serve as indexes for preliminary rapid evaluation of P use efficiency.Under NP treatment,17 genotypes with high P use efficiency were selected,and among them,Hanxuan H28,2010 Pin 4891 and Zhoumai 28 showed grain weights per plant higher than Jimai 22 by 36.07％,31.96％ and 37.44％,respectively,and above-land P utilization efficiency higher than Jimai 22 by 49.34％,49.42％ and 33.05％,respectively;and under LP treatment,10 genotypes with high P use efficiency were selected,and among them,Henong 826 showed grain weight per plant and above-land P utilization efficiency higher than Jimai 22 by 37.33％ and 20.42％,respectively.Furthermore,Hanxuan H23,Hanxuan H28 and Xumai 856 were identified as genotypes with high P use efficiency under both NP and LP treatments.Conclusion] This study provides good paront materials for breeding of varieties with high P use efficiency. |
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| Keywords: | Wheat Yield Phosphorus use efficiency Adult stage Genotype |
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