| 湘西黑藤的杀虫活性及其杀虫成分 |
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| 引用本文： | 李有志,徐汉虹.湘西黑藤的杀虫活性及其杀虫成分[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(8):1688-1696. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李有志 徐汉虹 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 湖南农业大学生物安全科技学院,长沙,410128
2. 华南农业大学昆虫毒理研究室/农药与化学生物学教育部重点实验室,广州,510642 |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】研究湘西黑藤的杀虫活性及其有效成分。【方法】通过叶片浸渍法和叶碟法测定了该植物提取物对几种害虫的杀虫活性和拒食活性，并在活性跟踪的基础上，通过萃取、柱层析、薄层制备、重结晶、核磁共振和质谱等方法对其有效成分进行了分离和鉴定。【结果】该植物仅根有杀虫活性，根甲醇提取物对桃蚜无翅蚜成虫、3龄菜青虫、白纹伊蚊4龄幼虫、玉米螟3龄幼虫、黄曲条跳甲成虫、棉蚜无翅蚜成虫和甘薯天蛾3龄幼虫都有毒杀效果，其24 h的LC50值分别是30.9 mg•L-1、38.4 mg•L-1、135.4 mg•L-1、161.7 mg•L-1、180.3 mg•L-1、212.9 mg•L-1和244.5 mg•L-1。首次从该植物根中分离和鉴定了5个活性化合物，即鱼藤酮、6a，12a-脱氢鱼藤素、Tephrosin、Isolonchcarpin和Pongaflavone。鱼藤酮、6a,12a-脱氢鱼藤素和Tephrosin对白纹伊蚊4龄幼虫、3龄菜青虫、黄曲条跳甲成虫和棉蚜都表现出毒杀活性，在浓度为100 mg•L-1时，死亡率为62.3％～100％；Isolonchcarpin和Pongaflavone对甘薯天蛾3龄幼虫有拒食活性，48 h的AFC50值分别是195.5 mg•L-1和106.6 mg•L-1。【结论】湘西黑藤各部位中仅根为活性部位。该植物根的甲醇提取物对棉蚜等多种害虫有较高的活性。首次从该植物的根中分离5个活性成分，即鱼藤酮、6a，12a-脱氢鱼藤素、Tephrosin、Isolonchcarpin和Pongaflavone。前3个成分对多种害虫有较高的毒杀活性，后2个成分对甘薯天蛾幼虫有拒食活性。
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| 关 键 词： | 湘西黑藤 杀虫活性 鱼藤酮 |
| 收稿时间： | 2006-11-22 |
| 修稿时间： | 2006-11-22 |
Insecticidal Activities and Active Compounds of Derris cavaleriei |
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| LI You-zhi,XU Han-hong.Insecticidal Activities and Active Compounds of Derris cavaleriei[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2007,40(8):1688-1696. |
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| Authors: | LI You-zhi XU Han-hong |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Bio-Safety Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128; 2.The Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education Laboratory of lnsect Toxicology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642 |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】Insecticidal activities and active compounds of Derris cavaleriei Gaghep were studied.【Methods】Insecticidal activities and action mode were determined by bioassay.On the basis of bioassay tracking,active ingredients were isolated from the root and identified by extraction,column chromatography, thin layer chromatography(TLC),recrystallization ,MS,NMR and so on.【Result】The result showed only the root of D.cavaleriei exhibited insecticidal activity. Methanol extracts from the root of D.cavaleriei had toxicity against the Myzus persicae, the 3rd instar larva of Pieris rapae (L.),the 4th instar larva of Aedes albopictus, the 3rd instar larva of Ostrinia furnacalis,the adult of Phyllotreta striolata (Fabricius), Aphis gossypii Golver and the 2nd instar larva of Herse convolvuli (L.),With LC50 value 24h after treatment being 30.9 mg.L-1,38.4 mg.L-1,135.4 mg.L-1, 161.7mg.L-1,180.3mg.L-1,212.9mg.L-1 and 244.5mg.L-1,respectively.Five active ingredients,Rotenone,6a,12a-Dehydrodegulin,Tephrosin,Isolochcarpin and Pongaflavone,were isolated for the first time from the root and identified. Rotenoids,Rotenone, 6a,12a-Dehydrodegulin and Tephrosin ,had significant insecticidal activity against the 4th instar larva of A. albopictus,P. striolata, A. gossypii Golver and the 3rd instar larva of P. rapae.,with the mortality being from 62.3% to 100% at the concentration of 100 mg.L-1. Isolochcarpin and Pongaflavone didn’t exhibited insecticidal activity,but the two chemicals had antifeedant effect on the 3rd larva of H.convolvuli, with AFC50 value 48h after treatment being 195.5mg.L-1 and 106.6 mg.L-1,respectively.【Conclusion】Only the root of D. cavaleriei Gaghep had insecticidal activities against kinds of agricultural insect pest.Rotenone, 6a,12a-Dehydrodegulin,Tephrosin,Isolochcarpin and Pongaflavone were the main active ingredient from the root. |
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| Keywords: | Derris cavaleriei Gaghep Insecticidal activity Rotenone |
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