| 生物结皮对荒漠地区土壤及植物的影响研究述评 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘利霞,张宇清,吴斌.生物结皮对荒漠地区土壤及植物的影响研究述评[J].中国水土保持科学,2007,5(6):106-112. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘利霞 张宇清 吴斌 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京林业大学水土保持学院,水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室,100083,北京 |
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| 摘 要： | 生物结皮是目前防沙治沙的一种重要措施。通过对国内外生物结皮研究的回顾,简要总结了生物结皮对荒漠地区土壤理化性质及植物的影响。生物结皮对其下层土壤的影响主要表现在土壤的机械组成、土壤盐分、土壤养分等方面。生物结皮具有明显的养分、盐分和细粒物质的聚集作用,对表层土壤发育有积极的意义。生物结皮及下部土壤细粒的增加,提高了土壤的吸湿性和持水性,但对降雨入渗的影响尚无定论。在生物结皮的发育过程中,其与维管植物萌发和定居间的关系也存在几种不同的观点。对生物结皮的研究是目前防沙治沙研究的一个重要领域,其对荒漠地区的土壤及植被某些方面的影响目前并未形成一致的结论,其形成机制、生物组成、演替规律、对后续植物定居的影响等,均是需要进一步深入研究的科学问题。
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| 关 键 词： | 荒漠地区 生物结皮 植物 土壤 |
| 收稿时间： | 2007-03-28 |
| 修稿时间： | 2007-07-24 |
Review on the influences of biological soil crusts on soil and vegetation in desertified areas |
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| Liu Lixia,Zhang Yuqing,Wu Bin.Review on the influences of biological soil crusts on soil and vegetation in desertified areas[J].Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,5(6):106-112. |
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| Authors: | Liu Lixia Zhang Yuqing Wu Bin |
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| Institution: | College of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Key Lab.of Soil and Water Conservation,and Desertification Combating,Ministry of
Education,100083,Beijing,China |
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| Abstract: | Biological soil crusts are important measures for controlling erosion in desertified areas. This paper reviews the advances research on the influences of biological soil crusts on physicochemical properties of the soil and vegetation in desertified areas. The influences of biological soil crusts on the underneath soil mainly include soil particle composition, soil salinity, soil nutrients and so on. Biological soil crusts enhanced clay content, accumulated nutrients and salinity in the soil, which are important for the development of the soil. The increase of clay content of soil crusts and underneath soil can increase hygroscopicity and water holding capacity of the soil, but its influences on rainfall infiltration are still not very clear so for. There are some different viewpoints on the development process of soil crusts, the relationship between biological soil crusts and the colonization and propagation of vascular plants. The study of biological soil crusts is still an important research field for soil conservation. Its influence on soil and vegetation are still under debate. The further research of formation mechanism, biological components, succession rules and impact on successive habited plants are required. |
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| Keywords: | desertified areas biological soil crusts vegetation soil |
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