Grassland management influences spatial patterns of soil microbial communities |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China;2. College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;3. International Network for Bamboo and Rattan (INBAR), No. 8 Futong Dongdajie, Wangjing, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100102, China;4. Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of Yangtze River Estuary, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, The Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China;1. Departamento de Ecología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain;2. Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Estonia;3. Department of Botany, University of South Bohemia, Czech Republic;4. Departamento de Geología y Geoquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain;1. Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA;2. Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;3. Department of Plant Biology and Center for Ecology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA;1. College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193 (China);2. National Field Station of Grassland Ecosystem at Guyuan, Hebei 076550 (China);3. Department of Water and soil Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193 (China);1. Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;2. DOE-Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, United States;3. College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States;4. Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, United States;5. Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Soil micro-organisms play a vital role in grassland ecosystem functioning but little is known about the effects of grassland management on spatial patterns of soil microbial communities. We compared plant species composition with terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) fingerprints of soil bacterial and fungal communities in unimproved, restored and improved wet grasslands. We assessed community composition of soil micro-organisms at distances ranging from 0.01 m to 100 m and determined taxa–area relationships from field- to landscape level. We show that land management type influenced bacterial but not fungal community composition. However, extensive grassland management to restore aboveground diversity affected spatial patterns of soil fungi. We found distinct distance–decay and small-scale aggregation of fungal populations in extensively managed grasslands restored from former arable use. There were no clear spatial patterns in bacterial communities at the field-scale. However, at the landscape level there was a moderate increase in bacterial taxa and a strong increase in fungal taxa with the number of sites sampled. Our results suggest that grassland management affects soil microbial communities at multiple scales; the observed small-scale variation may facilitate plant species coexistence and should be taken into account in field studies of soil microbial communities. |
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