| 施肥与盖膜微集雨集成技术对土壤性状及木薯产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 韦家华,;莫成恩,;何永群,;何铁光,;韦彩会,;黄伟彬,;张野,;王瑾,;李忠义,;胡钧铭,;李婷婷.施肥与盖膜微集雨集成技术对土壤性状及木薯产量的影响[J].广西农业科学,2014(12):2193-2197. |
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| 作者姓名： | 韦家华 ;莫成恩 ;何永群 ;何铁光 ;韦彩会 ;黄伟彬 ;张野 ;王瑾 ;李忠义 ;胡钧铭 ;李婷婷 |
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| 作者单位： | [1]武鸣县科技服务中心,广西武鸣530100; [2]武鸣县发展水果生产办公室,广西武鸣530100; [3]广西农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,南宁530007 |
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| 基金项目： | 科技部星火计划项目（国科发计[2013]571号）; 广西环保厅生态广西建设引导资金项目（桂财建函[2013]45号）; 武鸣县科技局科技公关项目（20130410） |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】探索木薯施肥与盖膜微集雨集成技术,为改善土壤质量、提高木薯产量提供科学依据。【方法】开展田间试验,处理1为施用木薯加工废弃物研制的生物有机肥＋测土配方肥＋盖膜微集雨技术（在行距畦面上利用农膜覆盖收集雨水进入木薯种植行沟的盖膜模式,盖膜行距畦面高于木薯种植行沟2-3 cm,行距畦面宽80 cm）,处理2为习惯施肥栽培（对照,不盖地膜）,每个处理施肥量以NPK总养分为900.0 kg/ha计。测定不同处理对木薯生长指标、产量及土壤理化性状的影响。【结果】处理1的土壤速效N、P、K,有机质、含水量、总孔隙度分别比处理2提高9.19%、9.17%、3.32%、8.25%、32.21%、9.60%,容重降低6.25%,可改善土壤p H。处理1木薯叶片叶绿素和叶片干物质、木薯杆茎径、木薯块根茎径、木薯块根长、单株块根条数、单株块根重、木薯块根鲜重、经济效益分别比处理2增加51.36%、11.14%、18.48%、21.57%、18.76%、34.88%、40.04%、31.89%、9033.8元/ha,差异均达显著（P〈0.05）或极显著水平（P〈0.01）。【结论】采用生物有机肥＋测土配方肥＋盖膜微集雨技术,可为木薯高产稳产的生长发育提供及时、持续、平衡的养分供应与水肥条件,并可显著改善土壤理化性状。
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| 关 键 词： | 生物有机肥 配方肥 盖膜微集雨 土壤性状 木薯产量 |
Effects of integrative technology of fertilization and micro rain-collecting film on soil quality and cassava yield |
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| Institution: | WEI Jia-hua, MO Cheng-en, HE Yong-qun, HE Tie-guang, WEI Cai-hui, HUANG Wei-bin, ZHANG Ye, Wang Jin, LI Zhong-yi, HU Jun-ming, LI Ting-ting (1 Science and Technology Service Center of Wuming County in Guangxi, Wuming, Guangxi 530100, China; 2Office of Production and Development Fruit in Wuming County in Guangxi, Wuming, Guangxi 530100, China; 3Agricultural Resources and Environment Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China) |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】The integrative technology of fertilization and micro rain-collecting film for cassava planting was explored to provide references for improving soil quality and increasing cassava yield. 【Method 】In field tests, the total NPK content was 900 kg/ha in each treatment. Treatment 1 was application of bio-organic fertilizer produced from cassava processing waste ＋ ＋ soil testing and fertilizer ＋ micro rain-collecting film（film-mulching line spacing was 2-3 cm higher than cassava planting line spacing and the width was 80 cm）. Treatment 2 was traditional technology with-out film（the control）. The effects of different treatments on cassava growth index, yield and soil physic-chemical prop-erties were measured. 【Result】Soil available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, moisture content, total porosity treated by integrative technology were 9.19 %, 9.17%, 3.32%, 8.25%, 32.21%, 9.60% higher than those of the control. The bulk density was 6.25% lower than the control, and soil p H improved. Chlorophyll, dry matter in leave, cassava stem diameter, tuberousroot diameter, tuberousroot length, number of tuberousroot per plant, tuberousroot weight per plant, tuberousroot fresh weight and economic benefit increased by 51.36 %, 11.14%, 18.48%,21.57%, 18.76%, 34.88%, 40.04%, 31.89%, 9033.8 Yuan/ha, respectively. The difference reached significant（P0.05） or extremely significant level（P0.01）. 【Conclusion】The integrative technology of bio-organic fertilizer, fertilization and micro rain-collecting film can offer prompt, sustainable and balanced nutrient conditions and markedly improve soil physic-chemical properties. |
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| Keywords: | bio-organic fertilizer fertilizer formula micro rain-collecting film soil quality cassava yield |
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