| 黄瓜性别决定的细胞学研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 李兴国,李全梓,张宪省.黄瓜性别决定的细胞学研究[J].山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),2001,32(4):411-417. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李兴国 李全梓 张宪省 |
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| 作者单位： | 山东农业大学生命科学学院, |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金(No.39770358)资助项目. |
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| 摘 要： | 对黄瓜（Cucumis sativus L.）雄、雌花的细胞学特征进行了研究。黄瓜雄、雌花的发育从花芽原甚至雌蕊原基出现，无明显差异,在雌花中雌蕊原基出现后雌花进一步发育，花芽的中心凹陷发育为下位子房，雄蕊的花药原基中并未分化出小孢子母细胞。开花时，花药体积较小，并由一群形态结构基本一致的小型细胞组成。在雄花中，雌蕊原基出现后，花芽的中心未发生凹陷，在以后的发育过程中，尽管体积有所增大，但至开花时仍未产生柱头、花柱和子房。电镜观察结果显示，早期滞育雄芯细胞的质体具简单的片层结构，不含淀粉粒，线粒体的嵴不明显。开花时，质体内有较大的淀粉粒，线粒体分化出较明显的嵴，高尔基体周围小泡丰富。同样，开花时滞育雌蕊的细胞内质体大量积累淀粉,线粒体的数量较多，有高度分化的峭，高尔基体产生大量小泡。观察结果表明，尽管滞育雄蕊和滞育雌蕊正常的发育途径受阻，但其细胞和某些细胞器仍在发育成熟。
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| 关 键 词： | 黄瓜 性别决定 细胞学特征 雄花 雌花 植物 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-2324(2001)04-0411-07 |
| 修稿时间： | 2001年5月17日 |
CYTOLOGICAL STUDIES ON SEX DETERMINATION IN CUCUMIS SATIVUS L. |
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| Abstract: | The cytological characteristics of male and female flower in Cucumber were examined by microscopy.The developmental patterns of both male and female flowers are similar until pistil primordia appear.Following the formation of pistil primordium in the female flower,the center of the flower begins to cave in to form the ovary,however the microsporocytes have not differentiated within the anther primordia.At the anthesis,the anthers of the female flower are small and composed of a group of small cells which are similar in morphology.After the pistil primordium becomes visible in the male flower,the center of the flower does not cave in.Althought the pistil primordium of the male flower has enlarged somewhat at the anthesis,neither the stigmas nor the style is formed,nor the ovary.The ultrasturcture of the abortive stamens of the female flower at early developmental stage demonstrated that the plastids contain simple lamellae but no starch grains,and the mitochondria have indistinct cristae.At the anthesis,starch grains accumulate in the plastids,the mitochondria have some more distinct cristae,and the Golgi bodies produce plenty of vesicles.In the abortive pistil of the male flower,there are a lot of Golgi bodies with many vesicles,and mitochondria with distinct cristae and plastids containing many starch grains.Our results suggest that the cells and some organelles of the abortive stamens and pistil still develop to be mature although the normal development pathways are inhibited. |
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| Keywords: | Cucumis sativus sex determination cytological characteristics |
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