| 几种控释氮肥的饲料玉米肥效及其生理效应研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 孙克君,毛小云,卢其明,廖宗文.几种控释氮肥的饲料玉米肥效及其生理效应研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2005,11(3):345-351. |
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| 作者姓名： | 孙克君 毛小云 卢其明 廖宗文 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.华南农业大学资源环境学院新肥料资源研究室 广东广州510640 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)，广东省科技创新百项工程项目，广东省广州市科技攻关项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 通过田间试验研究了几种控释氮肥对饲料玉米分蘖、叶片叶绿素含量、光合速率及氮肥利用率的影响,并探讨了这些生理指标与饲料玉米生物量之间的关系。结果看出,控释氮肥处理,玉米分蘖数在分蘖前期比等养分尿素略低,分蘖后期明显高于尿素处理;叶片叶绿素含量、叶片光合速率与等养分尿素相比,都有明显提高。相关分析表明,各处理饲料玉米后期分蘖数、叶片叶绿素含量、叶片光合速率与其生物量达到显著相关,相关系数(r)分别为0.9677、0.8967、0.8979。控释氮肥可明显降低饲料玉米硝酸盐含量,比施同等养分尿素,其硝酸盐降低幅度为73.37～709.41mg/kg;与等重量尿素相比,其硝酸盐降低幅度为469.26～1150.00mg/kg,控释氮肥的降硝效果明显。控释氮肥处理比尿素处理明显提高氮肥利用率,且保肥效果好。
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| 关 键 词： | 控释氮肥 叶绿素 光合速率 硝酸盐 氮肥利用率 |
| 文章编号： | 1008-505X(2005)03-0345-07 |
| 修稿时间： | 2004年4月5日 |
Manurial effect of several controlled-release N fertilizers (CRNFs) on forage maize and its physiological effects |
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| SUN Ke-jun,MA Xiao-yun,LU Qi-ming,LIA Zong-wen.Manurial effect of several controlled-release N fertilizers (CRNFs) on forage maize and its physiological effects[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2005,11(3):345-351. |
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| Authors: | SUN Ke-jun MA Xiao-yun LU Qi-ming LIA Zong-wen |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Resources and Environment;South China Agricultural University;Guangzhou 510640;China |
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| Abstract: | The physiologic effects of crop, such as the change of photosynthesis rate and chlorophyll content, on CRNFs is a hot topic but remaining some unclearness. The effects of several CRNF on the number of tiller, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rates of leaves of forage maize and N use efficiency were studied through a field experiment. The relation between these physiological indices and forage maize biomass was discussed in this paper as well. The results showed that the tiller number of maize treated with CRNFs was slightly lower than that of urea treatments in prophase, however, in the anaphase, tiller number of CRNFs treatment was much higher than that of urea treatment. Both the chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rates of leaves of CRNF treatments increased markedly comparing with N urea treatment with same dosage. The biomass showed a significant correlation with the tiller number in anaphase(r=0.9677), the chlorophyll content (r=0.8967) and the photosynthetic rates (r=0.8979). CRNF could reduce the nitrate content in maize notably. Comparing with the urea treatment with same nutrients, the application of CRNF could (reduce) nitrate by 73.77 mg/kg to 709.41 (mg/kg), while comparing with the urea treatment with same dosage, the application of CRNF could reduce nitrate by 469.26(mg/kg) to 1150.00(mg/kg). CRNF could increase N use efficiency and maintain soil fertility. We could concluded that: (1) The physiological indices, such as chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rates, are not only correlated to the nutrient quantity and variety, but also influenced obviously by nutrient released-rate. (2) Not only the regulation of nitrogen application rate, but also the regulation of releasing rate could decrease nitrate notably. This provided a new way of regulating dynamic balance for the purpose of nitrate minimization. (3) N use efficiency of CRNF was obviously higher than that of urea, however, residual mineral N content in soil wasn't reduced, even increased slightly, showing a better effect on soil fertility maintenance. (4) Suitable release-controlling complex materials are better than single release-controlling materials. Both of N use efficiency and biomass of the CRNF with complex material treatments increased obviously, showing an effect nothing less than that of plastic-coated urea. |
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| Keywords: | Controlled-release N fertilizer chlorophyll photosynthetic rates nitrate N recovery |
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