A ω-secalin contained decamer shows a celiac disease prevention activity |
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| Authors: | Pasquale De Vita Donatella BM Ficco Alessandro Luciani Olimpia Vincentini Massimo Pettoello-Mantovani Marco Silano Luigi Maiuri Luigi Cattivelli |
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| Institution: | 1. CRA Cereal Research Centre, S.S.16 Km 675, 71122 Foggia, Italy;2. Institute of Pediatrics, University of Foggia, viale Pinto 1, 71100 Foggia, Italy;3. Unit of Human Nutrition and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Roma, Italy;4. CRA Genomics Research Centre, Via S. Protaso 302, 29017 Fiorenzuola d’Arda (PC), Italy |
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| Abstract: | Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune permanent enteropathy that is triggered in susceptible individuals after the ingestion of gluten, a storage protein fraction presents in wheat, rye and barley endosperm. Specific gluten peptides can bind to HLA-DQ2/8 and induce lamina propria CD4+ T cell responses causing damage of the small intestine mucosa. Recent studies suggested that beside immunodominant and toxic epitopes, wheat gluten also contains epitopes capable of preventing the mucosal response in vitro. Among them, a decapeptide (QQPQDAVQPF) from wheat was reported to have an antagonist effect on the agglutination of K562(S) cells and celiac T-cell activation, although the corresponding nucleotidic sequence remained unknown. This study was therefore designed to clone the sequence encoding the protein carrying the decapetide with CD protective properties. A ω-secalin gene encoding containing the decapeptide QQPQRPQQPF was isolated. Although the decapeptide was not identical to the one previously described, QQPQRPQQPF showed the same capability to prevent K562(S) cell agglutination and celiac mucosa immune activation induced by toxic gliadins. The ω-secalin gene was found in wheat carrying the wheat–rye chromosomal translocations 1BL.1RS. The identification of this immunomodulatory gliadin sequence, naturally occurring in cultivars of wheat toxic for celiac patients, might offer new therapeutic strategies for CD. |
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| Keywords: | Celiac disease Wheat 1BL 1RS translocation ω-secalin |
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