| 饲喂模式对猪生长性能、养分消化率和肠道微生物组成的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 曹山川,许铭洙,张莉,严鸿林,张宏福,刘静波.饲喂模式对猪生长性能、养分消化率和肠道微生物组成的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2019(1):101-106. |
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| 作者姓名： | 曹山川 许铭洙 张莉 严鸿林 张宏福 刘静波 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.西南科技大学生命科学与工程学院;2.中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所动物营养学国家重点实验室 |
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| 基金项目： | 四川省科技计划资助(2018JY0225);四川省教育厅资助科研项目(17ZA0413) |
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| 摘 要： | 本试验旨在探究不同饲喂模式对猪生长性能、养分消化率和肠道微生物组成的影响。选择120头平均初始体重(26.0±0.4)kg的生长猪(公、母各半),按体重和性别随机分为自由采食组(FA)和限制饲喂频率组(每天饲喂3次,M3),每个处理10个重复,每个重复6头猪,试验期共28 d。结果表明:M3组平均日采食量和耗料增重比均显著低于FA组(P<0.05);饲喂模式的改变对养分表观全肠道消化率无显著影响(P>0.05);M3组血浆尿素氮和游离脂肪酸水平显著低于FA组(P<0.05),而胰岛素水平显著高于FA组(P<0.05);饲喂模式对猪粪便微生物组成有一定影响,在门水平上,M3组拟杆菌门丰度显著低于FA组(P<0.05),柔膜菌门和疣微菌门丰度显著高于FA组(P<0.05);在属水平上,M3组Prevotellaceae_UCG-003、Ruminococcaceae_UCG-010、Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group、Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group和Coprostanoligenes_group的丰度显著高于FA组(P <0.05),而Selenomonas、Roseburia、Prevotella_2、Prevotella_7、Prevotella_9、Anaerovibrio和Alloprevotella的丰度显著低于FA组(P<0.05)。综上,饲喂模式对生长猪养分消化率无显著影响,限制饲喂频率可改变肠道微生物组成并改善生长猪饲料报酬。
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| 关 键 词： | 饲喂模式 生长性能 养分消化率 肠道微生物 猪 |
Effects of Feeding Pattern on Growth Performance,Nutrient Digestibility and Gut Microbiota Composition of Growing Pigs |
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| CAO Shan-chuan,XU Ming-zhu,ZHANG Li,YAN Hong-Lin,ZHANG Hong-fu,LIU Jing-bo.Effects of Feeding Pattern on Growth Performance,Nutrient Digestibility and Gut Microbiota Composition of Growing Pigs[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2019(1):101-106. |
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| Authors: | CAO Shan-chuan XU Ming-zhu ZHANG Li YAN Hong-Lin ZHANG Hong-fu LIU Jing-bo |
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| Institution: | ,School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology,State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing Zhong Nong Hong Ke Biotechnology Co., Ltd |
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| Abstract: | The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding pattern(pigs were fed either ad libitum or 3 meals per day) on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and gut microbiota composition in growing pigs. A total of 120 growing pigs(initial BW 26.0±0.4 kg) were assigned into two groups in which pigs were fed ad libitum(FA) or three meals per day(M3) according to the BW and gender of pigs. There were ten replicates in each treatment group with 6 pigs per replicate. This experiment lasted 28 days. The results showed that the average daily feed intake and feed gain ratio in M3 group were lower than that in FA group(P<0.05). No significant difference was observed for apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD) of nutrient between treatments(P>0.05). Pigs fed with 3 meals per day exhibited lower plasma concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids and urea nitrogen(P<0.05), but higher concentration of insulin compared to pigs fed ad libitum(P<0.01). At the phylum level, relative abundance of bacteroidetes of pigs in M3 groups was lower than that in FA groups(P<0.05). However, the relative abundance of tenericutes and verrucomicrobia in FA groups were greater than that in M3 groups(P< 0.05). At the genus level, the pigs fed with 3 meals per day exhibited greater relative abundances of Prevotellaceae_UCG-003 Ruminococcaceae_UCG-010 Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and Coprostanoligenes_group proportion than pigs fed ad libitum(P<0.05). The fed ad libitum pigs exhibited greater relative abundances of Selenomonas Roseburia Prevotella_2 Prevotella_7 Prevotella_9 Alloprevotella and Alloprevotella compared with the pigs fed with 3 meals per day(P<0.05). In summary, feeding frequency had no effect on nutrient digestibility, but less frequent feeding altered gut microbiota composition and improved feed efficiency in growing pigs. |
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| Keywords: | Feed pattern Growth performance Digestibility of nutrient Gut microbiome Growing pigs |
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