Risk Factors for Death in Dogs Treated for Esophageal Foreign Body Obstruction: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 222 Cases (1998–2017) |
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| Authors: | AG Burton CT Talbot MS Kent |
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| Institution: | 1. IDEXX Laboratories Inc., North Grafton, MA;2. Queensland Veterinary Specialists and Pet Emergency, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;3. Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA |
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| Abstract: | Background Limited data exist describing risk factors for death, and long‐term outcomes in dogs with esophageal foreign body (EFB) obstruction. Hypothesis/Objectives To evaluate short‐ and long‐term outcomes, and analyze risk factors for death in dogs with EFB obstruction. We hypothesized duration of entrapment and treatment type would affect outcome. Animals A total of 222 dogs were treated for EFB obstruction at an emergency and referral hospital between March 1998 and March 2017. Methods Medical records for dogs with EFB were retrospectively evaluated. Results Foreign material most frequently was osseous (180/222 81%]), with distal esophagus the most common location (110/222 49.5%]). Duration of clinical signs was not associated with risk of death (OR = 1.08, 95% CI 0.99–1.17; P = 0.2). Entrapment was treated by endoscopy (204/222 91.8%]), surgery after endoscopic attempt (13/222 5.9%]), and repeat endoscopy after surgery was recommended but declined (5/222 2.3%]). In‐hospital case fatality rate was 11/222 (5%). Risk of death was significantly higher with surgery (OR = 20.1, 95% CI 3.59–112.44; P = 0.001), and 5/5 (100%) of dogs died if undergoing endoscopy after surgery was recommended but declined. Increasing numbers of postprocedural complications (OR = 3.44, CI 2.01–5.91; P < 0.001), esophageal perforation (OR = 65.47, CI 4.27–1004.15; P = 0.003), and postprocedure esophageal hemorrhage (OR = 11.81, CI 1.19–116.77; P = 0.04) increased in‐hospital risk of death. Esophageal strictures were reported in 4/189 (2.1%) of survivors available for follow‐up. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Death is uncommon in canine EFB; however, treatment type affects outcome, and these data should be used to guide decision‐making in dogs with EFB. |
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| Keywords: | Canine Endoscopy Esophageal stricture Esophagitis Esophagoscopy |
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