Diploid, tetraploid, and octoploid plants from anther culture of tetraploid orchard grass, Dactylis glomerata L. |
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| Authors: | J R Christensen E Borrino A Olesen S B Andersen |
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| Institution: | Department of Agricultural Science, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark |
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| Abstract: | This report describes a study of androgenesis in Dactylis glomerata, where the main aim was to find anther culture-responsive clones. Two types of media and two sugars were compared for their effectiveness in anther culture induction and subsequent plantlet production. Embryo formation from the cultured anthers was obtained from 28 of the 108 cloned genotypes using two different substrates, R2M and FW. Both induction media supported the formation of embryos from the cultured anthers, but around 4.5 times more embryos (0.81 embryos per 100 anthers) were obtained with R2M compared with FW, and R2M also gave 5.5 times more green plants (0.054 green plants per 100 anthers) than the FW substrate. In the investigation of a carbohydrate source, responsive clones from the genotype study were tested using maltose as a substitute for sucrose in R2M. Using maltose instead of sucrose increased embryo formation so that 133 embryos per 100 anthers were obtained compared with 7.1 embryos per 100 anthers obtained with sucrose. The total number of green plants obtained was also improved with maltose compared with sucrose, resulting in 66.3 and 1.9 green plants per 100 cultured anthers, respectively. |
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| Keywords: | Dactylis glomerata anther culture diploid octoploid tetraploid |
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