| 松花江流域非点源氮磷负荷及其差异特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 马广文,王业耀,香 宝,王金生,汪太明,胡 钰.松花江流域非点源氮磷负荷及其差异特征[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(14):163-169. |
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| 作者姓名： | 马广文 王业耀 香 宝 王金生 汪太明 胡 钰 |
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| 作者单位： | 1．北京师范大学水科学研究院，北京 100875； 2．中国环境科学研究院，北京 100012;1．北京师范大学水科学研究院，北京 100875；3．中国环境监测总站，北京 100012;2．中国环境科学研究院，北京 100012； 4．国家环境保护区域生态过程与功能评估重点实验室，北京 100012;1．北京师范大学水科学研究院，北京 100875;1．北京师范大学水科学研究院，北京 100875； 2．中国环境科学研究院，北京 100012;2．中国环境科学研究院，北京 100012； 4．国家环境保护区域生态过程与功能评估重点实验室，北京 100012 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（2009ZX07207-001/011）；财政部改革启动专项（GGQD2008-04） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了研究松花江流域非点源氮磷污染负荷和差异，为水环境管理提供参考，该文运用数字高程模型（DEM）、2008年县级统计年鉴和土地利用等数据，基于遥感（RS）和地理信息系统（GIS）技术，利用输出系数模型（ECM），对松花江流域非点源污染进行了空间模拟和负荷估算，并对流域内非点源污染差异特征进行了分析。结果表明，2008年松花江流域的总氮（TN）负荷为112.99×104 t，总磷（TP）负荷为4.05×104 t。其中，嫩江子流域TN和TP负荷最高，分别为52.08×104 t和1.79×104 t，分别占总量的46.09%和44.14%；第二松花江流域TN和TP负荷强度最高，TN负荷强度2.96 t/(km2·a)，TP负荷强度 0.11 t/(km2·a)。从非点源成因角度分析，人为原因产生的非点源TN和TP负荷分别为95.92×104 t和3.40×104 t，分别占总量的83.90%和83.94%。人为原因是松花江流域非点源TN和TP产生的关键，天然原因也不容忽视。研究结果为总体上了解松花江流域非点源污染和水环境管理提供参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 遥感，地理信息系统，污染，松花江流域，非点源，差异特征，输出系数模型 |
| 收稿时间： | 2011/2/14 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2011/5/22 0:00:00 |
Diversity characteristic and pollution load of non-point source total nitrogen and total phosphorus in Songhua River Basin |
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| Ma Guangwen,Wang Yeyao,Xiang Bao,Wang Jinsheng,Wang Taiming and Hu Yu.Diversity characteristic and pollution load of non-point source total nitrogen and total phosphorus in Songhua River Basin[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2011,27(14):163-169. |
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| Authors: | Ma Guangwen Wang Yeyao Xiang Bao Wang Jinsheng Wang Taiming and Hu Yu |
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| Abstract: | In order to study the diversity characteristic and pollution load of non-point source pollution of nitrogen and phosphorus in the Songhua River, and provide a reference for the water environment management, based on remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) technique, using the data of digital elevation model (DEM), county statistics and land use in Songhua River Basin in 2008, the space simulation and load estimation of non-point source pollution in the Songhua River Basin was conducted by export coefficient model (ECM), and the diversity of the non-point source pollution characteristics in the basin was analyzed. The results showed that the non-point source total nitrogen (TN) load was 112.99×104 t and total phosphorus (TP) load was 4.05×104 t in the Songhua River Basin in 2008 respectively. Nenjiang River sub-basin was the maximum load of TN and TP which was 52.80×104 t and 1.79×104 t respectively, accounting for 46.09% and 44.14% of the total TN and TP. The maximum load intensity of TN and TP was the second Songhua River sub-basin which was 2.96 t/(km2·a) and 0.11 t/(km2·a) respectively. From the perspective of non-point sources, 95.92×104 t of TN loads and 3.40×104 t of TP loads were caused by anthropogenic activities, accounting for 83.90% and 83.94% of the total TN and TP respectively. Anthropogenic factor is the key of non-point source TN and TP of the Songhua River, natural causes should not be ignored as well. The results can provide reference for water environment management and overall understanding the non-point source pollution of the Songhua River. |
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