| 高肥力土壤氮钾配施对鲜食型甘薯产量及品质的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 王萌,房增国,梁斌,曾路生,李俊良.高肥力土壤氮钾配施对鲜食型甘薯产量及品质的影响[J].华北农学报,2016(5):199-204. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王萌 房增国 梁斌 曾路生 李俊良 |
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| 作者单位： | 青岛农业大学 资源与环境学院，山东省水肥一体化工程技术研究中心，山东 青岛 266109 |
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| 基金项目： | 山东省薯类产业创新团队栽培与土肥岗位项目(SDAIT-15-08) |
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| 摘 要： | 为了探明高肥力土壤氮钾配施对烟薯25产量和品质的影响,采用二因素三水平完全随机区组试验设计,分别设3个N处理(0,45,90 kg/hm~2)和3个K_2O处理(0,75,150 kg/hm~2),共计9个氮钾组合处理,分别于收获期调查甘薯地上部性状,测定块根干鲜质量、Vc、淀粉、蛋白质、蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn含量。结果表明:高肥力土壤上施用氮肥可增加甘薯蔓长、茎叶鲜质量、T/R值,并提高甘薯块根内蛋白质、葡萄糖和蔗糖的含量,高肥力土壤上施用氮肥情况下,块根干鲜质量、淀粉和果糖含量有所降低。施用钾肥能显著提高块根干鲜质量、薯干率及淀粉和葡萄糖的含量;促进了甘薯对Mg的吸收,降低了甘薯对Ca的吸收。在氮钾互作条件下,甘薯分枝数、结薯数及Vc、蛋白质、蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖含量与不施肥处理相比均有所提高;鲜薯产量与氮肥、钾肥的施用存在交互作用,即在不施N、施K_2O 150 kg/hm~2时,甘薯产量达到最高,较不施肥处理增产10 825.5 kg/hm~2,增幅为29.2%。同时在施N 90 kg/hm~2、不施K_2O时,甘薯产量最低,较不施肥处理减产1 435.5 kg/hm~2,降幅为3.9%。因此,在高肥力土壤,应不施或少施氮肥并配施适量钾肥以期获得鲜食型甘薯的高产优质。
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| 关 键 词： | 鲜食型甘薯 高肥力 氮钾配施 产量 品质 |
Effects of Combined Application of Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Fresh-eating Sweet Potato in Soil with High Fertility |
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| Abstract: | To explore the effect of potassium(K)and nitrogen (N)on yield and quality of tuber of sweet pota-to YS25 in soil with high fertility,used two factors of three levels completely randomized block design of experi-ment,with 3 N treatments(0,45,90 kg /ha)and 3 K2 O treatments (0,75,1 50 kg /ha),included 9 combinations of K and N treatments,were designed.The results showed that:High fertility soil nitrogen fertilizer could be added sweet potato vine length,shoot fresh weight,T /R value(Ratio of fresh weight of stem and leaf to fresh weight of un-derground),and improve the tuber of sweet potato protein,glucose and sucrose content and high fertility soil nitro-gen fertilizer situation and root dry mass of fresh,the content of starch and fructose decreased.K fertilizer could sig-nificantly increase the root fresh and dry weight,potato rate and starch and glucose content;promote the sweet potato of Mg absorption,decreased the uptake of Ca by sweet potato.In nitrogen and potassium interaction conditions,sweet potato branching number,tuber number and Vc,protein,sucrose,glucose,fructose content with no fertilizer treat-ment were improved compared;fresh tuber yield and N fertilizer and potash fertilizer application interaction,namely when no N and K2 O 1 50 kg /ha,sweet potato yield reached the highest,with no fertilization treatment increased 1 0 825.5 kg /ha,an increased of 29.2%.At the same time in the implementation of N 90 kg /ha,without K2 O,the sweet potato yield was lowest,compared with no fertilization treatment was 1 435.5 kg /ha,a declined of 3.9%. Therefore,in the high fertility soil,the high yield and good quality of fresh edible sweet potato should be obtained by the application of no or less nitrogen fertilizer and the appropriate amount of potassium fertilizer. |
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| Keywords: | Fresh-eating sweet potato High fertility soil Potassium application combined with nitrogen Yield Quality |
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